Video and Image Manipulation on the Command Line

ffmpeg

Getting Help

ffmpeg -h encoder=tiff

ffmpeg -h encoder=mjpeg

ffmpeg -pix_fmts > %filepath%\formats.txt see all the formats

ffprobe -i input.mp4
ffprobe get's video metadata

4K H.265

ffmpeg -y -i file.%%04d.tif -c:v libx265 -x265-params bitrate=25000:vbv-bufsize=8000:vbv-maxrate=40000 -pix_fmt yuv420p -movflags +faststart -f mp4 name.mp4

4k H.265 (less compression)

ffmpeg -y -i in.mov -c:v libx265 -x265-params bitrate=27000:vbv-bufsize=8000:vbv-maxrate=40000 -pix_fmt yuv420p -movflags +faststart -f mp4 name.mp4

H.264 mp4

ffmpeg -y -i in.mov -c:v libx264 -x264-params bitrate=25000:vbv-bufsize=8000:vbv-maxrate=30000 -pix_fmt yuv420p -movflags +faststart -f mp4 name.mp4

APPLE PRORES (Best for files playing on a Mac)

ffmpeg -y -i in.mov -vcodec prores -profile:v 3 -r "30" -c:a mp2 %filepath%\MKprores.mov

PHOTO JPG (Best for files playing on a PC)

ffmpeg -y -r 30 -start_number 1 -i %file_path%/%project%.%04d.tif -pix_fmt yuvj420p -vframes 10 -vcodec mjpeg -q:v 7 -f mov name.mov

Other options: 12 bit yuvj420p Adobe uses yuvj420p, files smaller 16 bit yuvj422p 24 bit yuvj444p double size

HAP Q for playback on a quadcore machine

ffmpeg -y -i in.mov -c:v hap -format hap_q -chunks 4 -f mov out.mov

Install the codec from the Vidox QT plugin repository for playback, and see instructions for install with ffmpeg here.

Note that the number of 'chunks' can be a number 1-64 but should not exceed the number of CPU cores in your playback machine.

Other format options:
hap (smaller file size but less quality)
hap_alpha (same as hap, but with support for alpha channel)
hap_q_alpha (hap_q with alpha channel)

TIFF to TIFF compress LZW and change to grayscale

ffmpeg -y -i file.%%04d.tif -compression_algo lzw -pix_fmt gray out.%%04d.tif

Scale

ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf scale=newW:newH out.mp4

Nearest Neighbor Scaling

ffmpeg -i in.mov -sws_flags neighbor -vf scale=newWidth:newHeight out.mov

Pipe IO

How to send and receive data to/from named pipes (mac / linux only)

Make two pipes

mkfifo /tmp/pipe1 /tmp/pipe2

Send input1 to pipe1

ffmpeg -y -i input1.mp4 -c copy -f nut /tmp/pipe1

In another shell window

ffmpeg -y -i input2.mp4 -c copy -f nut /tmp/pipe2

In another shell concat the videos

ffmpeg -y -i /tmp/pipe1 -i /tmp/pipe2 -filter_complex concat=n=2:v=1 out.mov

Might be possible to do this in one shell by appending a single ampersand to the end of each ffmpeg command.

Add title bars

ffmpeg -i in.mp4 -vf pad=newWidth:newHeight:newX:newY out.mp4

Default pad color is black

newX and newY are how far to move (0,0) from it's old origin.

See: https://ffmpeg.org/ffmpeg-filters.html#Examples-65

Make extra long looping video

for i in {1..60}; do printf "file '%s'\n" videoToLoop.mp4 >> list.txt; done

ffmpeg -f concat -i list.txt -c copy out.mp4

See: https://trac.ffmpeg.org/wiki/Concatenate

Mux audio and video (without re-encoding)

ffmpeg -i video.mp4 -i music.mp3 -c copy -map 0:v:0 -map -map 1:a:0 -shortest out.mp4

Muxing an mp4 with mp3 won't work in all players, but audio can be converted to wav or aac if you need more compatibility.

Crop

ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -filter:v "crop=out_w:out_h:x:y out.mp4

X and Y denote top left of output.

Trim

ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -ss 00:00:03 -t 00:01:03 -codec copy -async 1 out.mp4

SS is the new start time of the video

T is the new length of the video

Codec copy is faster than decoding/recoding

async 1 is needed to ensure audio is correctly chopped

See: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/18444194/cutting-the-videos-based-on-start-and-end-time-using-ffmpeg
See: https://trac.ffmpeg.org/wiki/Seeking

Resize

ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf scale=newWidth:newHeight output.mp4

Invert Colors

ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf lutrgb="r=negval:g=negval:b=negval" inverted.mp4

Convert to Grayscale

ffmpeg -i input.mpt -vf "hue=s=0" -c:a copy grayscale.mp4

Rotate

ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf rotate=90 rotated90Degrees.mp4

Rotate is in degrees

Extract frames from video

ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf fps=1 -f image2 savedFrames/%05d.jpg

fps = 1 will save 1 frame per second
fps = 30 will save 30 frames per second
fps = 1/60 will save 1 frame per minute

See: https://trac.ffmpeg.org/wiki/Create%20a%20thumbnail%20image%20every%20X%20seconds%20of%20the%20video

Compress audio

ffmpeg -i inputfile.mp3 -b:a 64k outputfile.mp3

Make video from image sequence

First rename your images so that they are padded with 0 zeros eg. (img00000.jpg ... img00253.jpg). Finder can do this if you select all images, right click, rename images > format with name and counter starting from 0.

cd into your directory of images.

ffmpeg -framerate 30 -i img%05d.jpg -c:v libx264 -r 30 -pix_fmt yuv420p ../video.mp4

Make videos from folder of folders of image sequences

first cd into the folder with all your image sequences folders. make sure they are named in order from 00000.jpg to however many frames you have

for d in *; do ffmpeg -framerate 15 -i $d/%05d.jpg -c:v libx264 -r 15 -pix_fmt yuv420p $d.mp4; done

Convert gif to mp4

ffmpeg -i animated.gif -movflags faststart -pix_fmt yuv420p -vf "scale=trunc(iw/2)*2:trunc(ih/2)*2" video.mp4

Taken From here

Can follow up this command with the create extra long looping video from above if you want a longer loop.

Change framerate

ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf "setpts=2.0*PTS" out.mp4

2.0 Would be half as slow, 0.5 would be twice as fast

Batch Convert

for i in *.mp4 ; do 
    ffmpeg -i "$i" -c:v libx264 -maxrate 10000k -bufsize 5000k  $(basename "${i/.flac}").mp4 
done

imagemagick

Getting help

convert -h

identify -list format Will show you supported formats on your machine

Show image information

identify -verbose image.jpg

Convert file format

convert in.jpg out.tif

Can be any image file type in or out (unless RAW)

Batch Resize

mogrify -path outputFolder -resize newWidthxnewHeight *.png

Output folder is an already existing destination

Batch Crop

mogrify -path outputFolder -auto-orient -crop newWidthxnewHeight+xOrigin+yOrigin *.JPG

xOrigin and yOrigin are offset from top left corner of src image. auto orient will read image metadata to keep them rotated if camera was sideways during shot.

Batch LZW Compression

mogrify -path outFolder -depth 16 -endian msb -compress lzw *.tif

Make grid from folder

montage *.jpg -geometry wxh+xSpace+ySpace -tile 6x7 ../montage.jpg

xSpace and ySpace determine the gap between tiles, use 0 for no gap

More info: http://www.imagemagick.org/Usage/montage/

ufraw

http://ufraw.sourceforge.net/

Ufraw is useful if you don't have adobe camera raw or need to convert raw to other file formats. Imagemagick relies on it for some conversion.

brew install ufraw

Batch Conversion

i=0
mkdir converted
for file in ~/Desktop/pics/*.ARW
do
	#echo "resized/$i.jpg"
	ufraw-batch --output="converted/$i.jpg" "$file"
	i=$((i+1))
done

Other References

https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/FFMPEG_An_Intermediate_Guide/image_sequence

http://www.stuudio.ee/anothergui/presets.html

https://ffmpeg.org/ffmpeg.html#Main-options

http://randombio.com/linuxsetup141.html