tour: add range, range pattern

moonbit-tour/tour/chapter1_basics/lesson11_for_in_loop/index.mbt

@@ -1,11 +1,16 @@
 fn main {
-  println("\nfor-in loop:")
+  println("for-in loop:")
   let array = [1, 2, 3]
   for element in array {
     println("element: \{element}")
   }
+
+  println("for-in loop with index:")
+  for i, element in array {
+    println("index: \{i}, element: \{element}")
+  }
 
-  println("\nfor-in loop for map:")
+  println("for-in loop for map:")
   let map = { "key1": 1, "key2": 2, "key3": 3 }
   for k, v in map {
     println("key: \{k}, value: \{v}")

moonbit-tour/tour/chapter1_basics/lesson12_range/index.mbt

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+fn main {
+  println("number 1 to 3:")
+  for i in 1..<4 {
+    println(i)
+  }
+
+  println("number 1 to 4:")
+  for i in 1..=4 {
+    println(i)
+  }
+}
+
+
+

moonbit-tour/tour/chapter1_basics/lesson12_range/index.md

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+# Range
+
+You can also use *range* in a for-in loop.
+
+- `start..<end` range is inclusive of the start value and exclusive of the end value. 
+- `start..=end` range is inclusive of both the start and end values.
+

moonbit-tour/tour/chapter2_data_types/lesson4_newtype/index.mbt

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+type UserId Int
+type UserName String
+
+fn main {
+  let user_id : UserId = UserId(1)
+  let user_name : UserName = UserName("Alice")
+  let UserId(id) = user_id
+  let UserName(name) = user_name
+  println(user_id._)
+  println(user_name._)
+}

moonbit-tour/tour/chapter3_pattern_matching/lesson8_range_pattern/index.mbt

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+fn score_to_grade(score : Int) -> String {
+  match score {
+    0..<60 => "F"
+    60..<70 => "D"
+    70..<80 => "C"
+    80..<90 => "B"
+    90..=100 => "A"
+    _ => "Invalid score"
+  }
+}
+
+fn classify_char(c : Char) -> String {
+  match c {
+    'A'..='Z' => "UpperCase"
+    'a'..='z' => "LowerCase"
+    '0'..='9' => "Digit"
+    _ => "Special"
+  }
+}
+
+fn is_scalar_value(codepoint : Int) -> Bool {
+  match codepoint {
+    0x0000..=0xD7FF | 0xE000..=0x10FFFF => true
+    _ => false
+  }
+}
+
+fn main {
+  println(score_to_grade(50))
+  println(score_to_grade(85))
+  println(score_to_grade(95))
+  println(classify_char('A'))
+  println(classify_char('1'))
+  println(classify_char('!'))
+  println(is_scalar_value(0xD500))
+}

moonbit-tour/tour/chapter3_pattern_matching/lesson8_range_pattern/index.md

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+# Range Pattern
+
+For consecutive values, using the previously introduced *or-patterns* can be somewhat cumbersome. To address this issue, we can use *range patterns*. *Range patterns* can match values within a specified range.
+
+
+Recall the syntax we learned in Chapter 1:
+
+- `start..<end` range is inclusive of the start value and exclusive of the end value.
+- `start..=end` range is inclusive of both the start and end values.
+
+
+Range patterns support built-in integer-like types, such as `Byte`, `Int`, `UInt`, `Int64`, `UInt64`, and `Char`.
+