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Initial commitment of documentation for clickhouse official image #2397
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ClickHouse is the fastest and most resource efficient OSS database for real-time apps and analytics. |
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# ClickHouse Server Docker Image | ||
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## What is ClickHouse? | ||
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%%LOGO%% | ||
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ClickHouse is an open-source column-oriented DBMS (columnar database management system) for online analytical processing (OLAP) that allows users to generate analytical reports using SQL queries in real-time. | ||
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ClickHouse works 100-1000x faster than traditional database management systems, and processes hundreds of millions to over a billion rows and tens of gigabytes of data per server per second. With a widespread user base around the globe, the technology has received praise for its reliability, ease of use, and fault tolerance. | ||
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For more information and documentation see https://clickhouse.com/. | ||
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### Compatibility | ||
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- The amd64 image requires support for [SSE3 instructions](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SSE3). Virtually all x86 CPUs after 2005 support SSE3. | ||
- The arm64 image requires support for the [ARMv8.2-A architecture](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AArch64#ARMv8.2-A) and additionally the Load-Acquire RCpc register. The register is optional in version ARMv8.2-A and mandatory in [ARMv8.3-A](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AArch64#ARMv8.3-A). Supported in Graviton >=2, Azure and GCP instances. Examples for unsupported devices are Raspberry Pi 4 (ARMv8.0-A) and Jetson AGX Xavier/Orin (ARMv8.2-A). | ||
- Since the Clickhouse 24.11 Ubuntu images started using `ubuntu:22.04` as its base image. It requires docker version >= `20.10.10` containing [patch](https://github.com/moby/moby/commit/977283509f75303bc6612665a04abf76ff1d2468). As a workaround you could use `docker run --security-opt seccomp=unconfined` instead, however that has security implications. | ||
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## How to use this image | ||
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### start server instance | ||
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```bash | ||
docker run -d --name some-clickhouse-server --ulimit nofile=262144:262144 %%IMAGE%% | ||
``` | ||
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By default, ClickHouse will be accessible only via the Docker network. See the **networking** section below. | ||
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By default, starting above server instance will be run as the `default` user without password. | ||
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### connect to it from a native client | ||
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```bash | ||
docker run -it --rm --link some-clickhouse-server:clickhouse-server --entrypoint clickhouse-client %%IMAGE%% --host clickhouse-server | ||
# OR | ||
docker exec -it some-clickhouse-server clickhouse-client | ||
``` | ||
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More information about the [ClickHouse client](https://clickhouse.com/docs/en/interfaces/cli/). | ||
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### connect to it using curl | ||
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```bash | ||
echo "SELECT 'Hello, ClickHouse!'" | docker run -i --rm --link some-clickhouse-server:clickhouse-server buildpack-deps:curl curl 'http://clickhouse-server:8123/?query=' -s --data-binary @- | ||
``` | ||
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More information about the [ClickHouse HTTP Interface](https://clickhouse.com/docs/en/interfaces/http/). | ||
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### stopping / removing the container | ||
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```bash | ||
docker stop some-clickhouse-server | ||
docker rm some-clickhouse-server | ||
``` | ||
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### networking | ||
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You can expose your ClickHouse running in docker by [mapping a particular port](https://docs.docker.com/config/containers/container-networking/) from inside the container using host ports: | ||
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```bash | ||
docker run -d -p 18123:8123 -p19000:9000 --name some-clickhouse-server --ulimit nofile=262144:262144 %%IMAGE%% | ||
echo 'SELECT version()' | curl 'http://localhost:18123/' --data-binary @- | ||
``` | ||
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`22.6.3.35` | ||
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Or by allowing the container to use [host ports directly](https://docs.docker.com/network/host/) using `--network=host` (also allows achieving better network performance): | ||
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```bash | ||
docker run -d --network=host --name some-clickhouse-server --ulimit nofile=262144:262144 %%IMAGE%% | ||
echo 'SELECT version()' | curl 'http://localhost:8123/' --data-binary @- | ||
``` | ||
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`22.6.3.35` | ||
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### Volumes | ||
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Typically you may want to mount the following folders inside your container to achieve persistency: | ||
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- `/var/lib/clickhouse/` - main folder where ClickHouse stores the data | ||
- `/var/log/clickhouse-server/` - logs | ||
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```bash | ||
docker run -d \ | ||
-v "$PWD/ch_data:/var/lib/clickhouse/" \ | ||
-v "$PWD/ch_logs:/var/log/clickhouse-server/" \ | ||
--name some-clickhouse-server --ulimit nofile=262144:262144 %%IMAGE%% | ||
``` | ||
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You may also want to mount: | ||
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- `/etc/clickhouse-server/config.d/*.xml` - files with server configuration adjustments | ||
- `/etc/clickhouse-server/users.d/*.xml` - files with user settings adjustments | ||
- `/docker-entrypoint-initdb.d/` - folder with database initialization scripts (see below). | ||
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### Linux capabilities | ||
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ClickHouse has some advanced functionality, which requires enabling several [Linux capabilities](https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man7/capabilities.7.html). | ||
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They are optional and can be enabled using the following [docker command-line arguments](https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/run/#runtime-privilege-and-linux-capabilities): | ||
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```bash | ||
docker run -d \ | ||
--cap-add=SYS_NICE --cap-add=NET_ADMIN --cap-add=IPC_LOCK \ | ||
Comment on lines
+100
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+104
There was a problem hiding this comment. Choose a reason for hiding this commentThe reason will be displayed to describe this comment to others. Learn more. Given that they're optional, you don't happen to have any documentation about what each of these are used for and when/why users might want to set them (specific to ClickHouse behavior), do you? There was a problem hiding this comment. Choose a reason for hiding this commentThe reason will be displayed to describe this comment to others. Learn more. Hmm, is this URL worth adding here? There was a problem hiding this comment. Choose a reason for hiding this commentThe reason will be displayed to describe this comment to others. Learn more. The line is added below:
There was a problem hiding this comment. Choose a reason for hiding this commentThe reason will be displayed to describe this comment to others. Learn more. Yeah, for sure! I wonder if it could be improved to explain why, but that's not a blocker at all, just something I think would be useful. 😄 ❤️ There was a problem hiding this comment. Choose a reason for hiding this commentThe reason will be displayed to describe this comment to others. Learn more. There's a part of the ClickHouse logs related to the capabilities on the KB page:
Should I add it as well explicitly? There was a problem hiding this comment. Choose a reason for hiding this commentThe reason will be displayed to describe this comment to others. Learn more. Naw, I think what you've got now is fine. 👍 |
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--name some-clickhouse-server --ulimit nofile=262144:262144 %%IMAGE%% | ||
``` | ||
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Read more in [knowledge base](https://clickhouse.com/docs/knowledgebase/configure_cap_ipc_lock_and_cap_sys_nice_in_docker). | ||
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## Configuration | ||
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The container exposes port 8123 for the [HTTP interface](https://clickhouse.com/docs/en/interfaces/http_interface/) and port 9000 for the [native client](https://clickhouse.com/docs/en/interfaces/tcp/). | ||
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ClickHouse configuration is represented with a file "config.xml" ([documentation](https://clickhouse.com/docs/en/operations/configuration_files/)) | ||
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### Start server instance with custom configuration | ||
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```bash | ||
docker run -d --name some-clickhouse-server --ulimit nofile=262144:262144 -v /path/to/your/config.xml:/etc/clickhouse-server/config.xml %%IMAGE%% | ||
``` | ||
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### Start server as custom user | ||
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```bash | ||
# $PWD/data/clickhouse should exist and be owned by current user | ||
docker run --rm --user "${UID}:${GID}" --name some-clickhouse-server --ulimit nofile=262144:262144 -v "$PWD/logs/clickhouse:/var/log/clickhouse-server" -v "$PWD/data/clickhouse:/var/lib/clickhouse" %%IMAGE%% | ||
``` | ||
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When you use the image with local directories mounted, you probably want to specify the user to maintain the proper file ownership. Use the `--user` argument and mount `/var/lib/clickhouse` and `/var/log/clickhouse-server` inside the container. Otherwise, the image will complain and not start. | ||
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### Start server from root (useful in case of enabled user namespace) | ||
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```bash | ||
docker run --rm -e CLICKHOUSE_RUN_AS_ROOT=1 --name clickhouse-server-userns -v "$PWD/logs/clickhouse:/var/log/clickhouse-server" -v "$PWD/data/clickhouse:/var/lib/clickhouse" %%IMAGE%% | ||
``` | ||
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### How to create default database and user on starting | ||
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Sometimes you may want to create a user (user named `default` is used by default) and database on a container start. You can do it using environment variables `CLICKHOUSE_DB`, `CLICKHOUSE_USER`, `CLICKHOUSE_DEFAULT_ACCESS_MANAGEMENT` and `CLICKHOUSE_PASSWORD`: | ||
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```bash | ||
docker run --rm -e CLICKHOUSE_DB=my_database -e CLICKHOUSE_USER=username -e CLICKHOUSE_DEFAULT_ACCESS_MANAGEMENT=1 -e CLICKHOUSE_PASSWORD=password -p 9000:9000/tcp %%IMAGE%% | ||
``` | ||
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## How to extend this image | ||
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To perform additional initialization in an image derived from this one, add one or more `*.sql`, `*.sql.gz`, or `*.sh` scripts under `/docker-entrypoint-initdb.d`. After the entrypoint calls `initdb`, it will run any `*.sql` files, run any executable `*.sh` scripts, and source any non-executable `*.sh` scripts found in that directory to do further initialization before starting the service. | ||
Also, you can provide environment variables `CLICKHOUSE_USER` & `CLICKHOUSE_PASSWORD` that will be used for clickhouse-client during initialization. | ||
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For example, to add an additional user and database, add the following to `/docker-entrypoint-initdb.d/init-db.sh`: | ||
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```bash | ||
#!/bin/bash | ||
set -e | ||
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clickhouse client -n <<-EOSQL | ||
CREATE DATABASE docker; | ||
CREATE TABLE docker.docker (x Int32) ENGINE = Log; | ||
EOSQL | ||
``` |
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https://github.com/ClickHouse/ClickHouse |
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View [license information](https://github.com/ClickHouse/ClickHouse/blob/master/LICENSE) for the software contained in this image. |
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[ClickHouse Inc.](%%GITHUB-REPO%%) |
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{ | ||
"hub": { | ||
"categories": [ | ||
"databases-and-storage" | ||
] | ||
} | ||
} |
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As the author of opencontainers/image-spec@2d95dde, I love this -- I wish we had a way to specify that the
amd64
image variant should bev2
(corresponding to the lowest level with SSE3) and thearm64
variant could bev8.2
, but we don't currently have a way to specify either in our system and the latter would break folks (until containerd/platforms#8 and similar trickle down to popular runtimes), so for now I'm just happy to see it documented explicitly (hopefully ClickHouse also reports a clear error when these are missing). 😄 ❤️