Valhalla's routing service (a.k.a. turn-by-turn), is an open-source routing service that lets you integrate routing and navigation into a web or mobile application.
The default logic for the OpenStreetMap tags, keys, and values used when routing are documented on an OSM wiki page.
The Mapbox routing service requires an access token. In a request, you must append your own access_token to the request URL, following access_token=. See the Mapbox API documentation for more on access tokens. Contact Mapbox for instructions on accessing this API.
The route request run locally takes the form of localhost:8002/route?json={}, where the JSON inputs inside the {} include location information, name and options for the costing model, and output options. Here is the JSON payload for an example request:
{"locations":[{"lat":42.358528,"lon":-83.271400,"street":"Appleton"},{"lat":42.996613,"lon":-78.749855,"street":"Ranch Trail"}],"costing":"auto","costing_options":{"auto":{"country_crossing_penalty":2000.0}},"directions_options":{"units":"miles"},"id":"my_work_route"}
This request provides automobile routing between the Detroit, Michigan area and Buffalo, New York, with an optional street name parameter to improve navigation at the start and end points. It attempts to avoid routing north through Canada by adding a penalty for crossing international borders. The resulting route is displayed in miles.
There is an option to name your route request. You can do this by appending the following to your request &id=. The id is returned with the response so a user could match to the corresponding request.
You specify locations as an ordered list of two or more locations within a JSON array. Locations are visited in the order specified.
A location must include a latitude and longitude in decimal degrees. The coordinates can come from many input sources, such as a GPS location, a point or a click on a map, a geocoding service, and so on. Note that the Valhalla cannot search for names or addresses or perform geocoding or reverse geocoding. External search services, such as Mapbox Geocoding, can be used to find places and geocode addresses, which must be converted to coordinates for input.
To build a route, you need to specify two break locations. In addition, you can include through locations to influence the route path.
| Location parameters | Description |
|---|---|
lat |
Latitude of the location in degrees. |
lon |
Longitude of the location in degrees. |
type |
Type of location, either break or through. A break is a stop, so the first and last locations must be of type break. A through location is one that the route path travels through, and is useful to force a route to go through location. The path is not allowed to reverse direction at the through locations. If no type is provided, the type is assumed to be a break. |
heading |
(optional) Preferred direction of travel for the start from the location. This can be useful for mobile routing where a vehicle is traveling in a specific direction along a road, and the route should start in that direction. The heading is indicated in degrees from north in a clockwise direction, where north is 0°, east is 90°, south is 180°, and west is 270°. |
heading_tolerance |
(optional) How close in degrees a given street's angle must be in order for it to be considered as in the same direction of the heading parameter. The default value is 60 degrees. |
street |
(optional) Street name. The street name may be used to assist finding the correct routing location at the specified latitude, longitude. This is not currently implemented. |
way_id |
(optional) OpenStreetMap identification number for a polyline way. The way ID may be used to assist finding the correct routing location at the specified latitude, longitude. This is not currently implemented. |
minimum_reachability |
Minimum number of nodes (intersections) reachable for a given edge (road between intersections) to consider that edge as belonging to a connected region. When correlating this location to the route network, try to find candidates who are reachable from this many or more nodes (intersections). If a given candidate edge reaches less than this number of nodes its considered to be a disconnected island and we'll search for more candidates until we find at least one that isn't considered a disconnected island. If this value is larger than the configured service limit it will be clamped to that limit. The default is a minimum of 50 reachable nodes. |
radius |
The number of meters about this input location within which edges (roads between intersections) will be considered as candidates for said location. When correlating this location to the route network, try to only return results within this distance (meters) from this location. If there are no candidates within this distance it will return the closest candidate within reason. If this value is larger than the configured service limit it will be clamped to that limit. The default is 0 meters. |
rank_candidates |
Whether or not to rank the edge candidates for this location. The ranking is used as a penalty within the routing algorithm so that some edges will be penalized more heavily than others. If true candidates will be ranked according to their distance from the input and various other attributes. If false the candidates will all be treated as equal which should lead to routes that are just the most optimal path with emphasis about which edges were selected. |
Optionally, you can include the following location information without impacting the routing. This information is carried through the request and returned as a convenience.
name= Location or business name. The name may be used in the route narration directions, such as "You have arrived at <business name>.")city= City name.state= State name.postal_code= Postal code.country= Country name.phone= Telephone number.url= URL for the place or location.side_of_street= (response only) The side of street of abreaklocationthat is determined based on the actual route when thelocationis offset from the street. The possible values areleftandright.date_time= (response only) Expected date/time for the user to be at the location using the ISO 8601 format (YYYY-MM-DDThh:mm) in the local time zone of departure or arrival. For example "2015-12-29T08:00".
Future development work includes adding location options and information related to time at each location. This will allow routes to specify a start time or an arrive by time at each location. There is also ongoing work to improve support for through locations.
Valhalla's routing service uses dynamic, run-time costing to generate the route path. The route request must include the name of the costing model and can include optional parameters available for the chosen costing model.
| Costing model | Description |
|---|---|
auto |
Standard costing for driving routes by car, motorcycle, truck, and so on that obeys automobile driving rules, such as access and turn restrictions. Auto provides a short time path (though not guaranteed to be shortest time) and uses intersection costing to minimize turns and maneuvers or road name changes. Routes also tend to favor highways and higher classification roads, such as motorways and trunks. |
auto_shorter |
Alternate costing for driving that provides a short path (though not guaranteed to be shortest distance) that obeys driving rules for access and turn restrictions. |
bicycle |
Standard costing for travel by bicycle, with a slight preference for using cycleways or roads with bicycle lanes. Bicycle routes follow regular roads when needed, but avoid roads without bicycle access. |
bus |
Standard costing for bus routes. Bus costing inherits the auto costing behaviors, but checks for bus access on the roads. |
hov |
Standard costing for high-occupancy vehicle (HOV) routes. HOV costing inherits the auto costing behaviors, but checks for HOV lane access on the roads and favors those roads. |
motor_scooter |
Standard costing for travel by motor scooter or moped. By default, motor_scooter costing will avoid higher class roads unless the country overrides allows motor scooters on these roads. Motor scooter routes follow regular roads when needed, but avoid roads without motor_scooter, moped, or mofa access. |
BETA motorcycle |
Standard costing for travel by motorcycle. This costing model provides options to tune the route to take roadways (road touring) vs. tracks and trails (adventure motorcycling). |
multimodal |
Currently supports pedestrian and transit. In the future, multimodal will support a combination of all of the above. |
pedestrian |
Standard walking route that excludes roads without pedestrian access. In general, pedestrian routes are shortest distance with the following exceptions: walkways and footpaths are slightly favored, while steps or stairs and alleys are slightly avoided. |
Costing methods can have several options that can be adjusted to develop the route path, as well as for estimating time along the path. Specify costing model options in your request using the format of costing_options.type, such as costing_options.auto.
- Cost options are fixed costs in seconds that are added to both the path cost and the estimated time. Examples of costs are
gate_costsandtoll_booth_costs, where a fixed amount of time is added. Costs are not generally used to influence the route path; instead, use penalties to do this. Costs must be in the range of 0.0 seconds to 43200.0 seconds (12 hours), otherwise a default value will be assigned. - Penalty options are fixed costs in seconds that are only added to the path cost. Penalties can influence the route path determination but do not add to the estimated time along the path. For example, add a
toll_booth_penaltyto create route paths that tend to avoid toll booths. Penalties must be in the range of 0.0 seconds to 43200.0 seconds (12 hours), otherwise a default value will be assigned. - Factor options are used to multiply the cost along an edge or road section in a way that influences the path to favor or avoid a particular attribute. Factor options do not impact estimated time along the path, though. Factors must be in the range 0.1 to 100000.0, where factors of 1.0 have no influence on cost. Anything outside of this range will be assigned a default value. Use a factor less than 1.0 to attempt to favor paths containing preferred attributes, and a value greater than 1.0 to avoid paths with undesirable attributes. Avoidance factors are more effective than favor factors at influencing a path. A factor's impact also depends on the length of road containing the specified attribute, as longer roads have more impact on the costing than very short roads. For this reason, penalty options tend to be better at influencing paths.
These options are available for auto, auto_shorter, and bus costing methods.
| Automobile options | Description |
|---|---|
maneuver_penalty |
A penalty applied when transitioning between roads that do not have consistent naming–in other words, no road names in common. This penalty can be used to create simpler routes that tend to have fewer maneuvers or narrative guidance instructions. The default maneuver penalty is five seconds. |
gate_cost |
A cost applied when a gate is encountered. This cost is added to the estimated time / elapsed time. The default gate cost is 30 seconds. |
toll_booth_cost |
A cost applied when a toll booth is encountered. This cost is added to the estimated and elapsed times. The default cost is 15 seconds. |
toll_booth_penalty |
A penalty applied to the cost when a toll booth is encountered. This penalty can be used to create paths that avoid toll roads. The default toll booth penalty is 0. |
ferry_cost |
A cost applied when entering a ferry. This cost is added to the estimated and elapsed times. The default cost is 300 seconds (5 minutes). |
use_ferry |
This value indicates the willingness to take ferries. This is a range of values between 0 and 1. Values near 0 attempt to avoid ferries and values near 1 will favor ferries. The default value is 0.5. Note that sometimes ferries are required to complete a route so values of 0 are not guaranteed to avoid ferries entirely. |
use_highways |
This value indicates the willingness to take highways. This is a range of values between 0 and 1. Values near 0 attempt to avoid highways and values near 1 will favor highways. The default value is 1.0. Note that sometimes highways are required to complete a route so values of 0 are not guaranteed to avoid highways entirely. |
use_tolls |
This value indicates the willingness to take roads with tolls. This is a range of values between 0 and 1. Values near 0 attempt to avoid tolls and values near 1 will not attempt to avoid them. The default value is 0.5. Note that sometimes roads with tolls are required to complete a route so values of 0 are not guaranteed to avoid them entirely. |
country_crossing_cost |
A cost applied when encountering an international border. This cost is added to the estimated and elapsed times. The default cost is 600 seconds. |
country_crossing_penalty |
A penalty applied for a country crossing. This penalty can be used to create paths that avoid spanning country boundaries. The default penalty is 0. |
The default bicycle costing is tuned toward road bicycles with a slight preference for using cycleways or roads with bicycle lanes. Bicycle routes use regular roads where needed or where no direct bicycle lane options exist, but avoid roads without bicycle access. The costing model recognizes several factors unique to bicycle travel and offers several options for tuning bicycle routes. Several factors unique to travel by bicycle influence the resulting route.
- The types of roads suitable for bicycling depend on the type of bicycle. Road bicycles (skinny or narrow tires) generally are suited to paved roads or perhaps very short sections of compacted gravel. They are not designed for riding on coarse gravel or most paths and tracks through wooded areas or farmland. Mountain bikes, on the other hand, are able to traverse a wider set of surfaces.
- Average travel speed can be highly variable and can depend on bicycle type, fitness and experience of the cyclist, road surface, and hills. The costing model assumes a default speed on smooth, flat roads for each supported bicycle type. This speed can be overridden by an input option. The base speed is modulated by surface type (in conjunction with the bicycle type). In addition, speed is modified based on the hilliness of a road section.
- Bicyclists vary in their tolerance for riding on roads. Most novice bicyclists, and even other bicyclists, prefer cycleways and dedicated cycling paths and would rather avoid all but the quietest neighborhood roads. Other cyclists may be experienced riding on roads and prefer to take roadways because they often provide the fastest way to get between two places. The bicycle costing model accounts for this with a
use_roadsfactor to indicate a cyclist's tolerance for riding on roads. - Bicyclists vary in their fitness level and experience level, and many want to avoid hilly roads, and especially roads with very steep uphill or even downhill sections. Even if the fastest path is over a mountain, many cyclists prefer a flatter path that avoids the climb and descent up and over the mountain.
The following options described above for autos also apply to bicycle costing methods: maneuver_penalty, gate_cost, gate_penalty, country_crossing_cost, and country_costing_penalty.
These additional options are available for bicycle costing methods.
| Bicycle options | Description |
|---|---|
bicycle_type |
The type of bicycle. The default type is Hybrid.
|
cycling_speed |
Cycling speed is the average travel speed along smooth, flat roads. This is meant to be the speed a rider can comfortably maintain over the desired distance of the route. It can be modified (in the costing method) by surface type in conjunction with bicycle type and (coming soon) by hilliness of the road section. When no speed is specifically provided, the default speed is determined by the bicycle type and are as follows: Road = 25 KPH (15.5 MPH), Cross = 20 KPH (13 MPH), Hybrid/City = 18 KPH (11.5 MPH), and Mountain = 16 KPH (10 MPH). |
use_roads |
A cyclist's propensity to use roads alongside other vehicles. This is a range of values from 0 to 1, where 0 attempts to avoid roads and stay on cycleways and paths, and 1 indicates the rider is more comfortable riding on roads. Based on the use_roads factor, roads with certain classifications and higher speeds are penalized in an attempt to avoid them when finding the best path. The default value is 0.5. |
use_hills |
A cyclist's desire to tackle hills in their routes. This is a range of values from 0 to 1, where 0 attempts to avoid hills and steep grades even if it means a longer (time and distance) path, while 1 indicates the rider does not fear hills and steeper grades. Based on the use_hills factor, penalties are applied to roads based on elevation change and grade. These penalties help the path avoid hilly roads in favor of flatter roads or less steep grades where available. Note that it is not always possible to find alternate paths to avoid hills (for example when route locations are in mountainous areas). The default value is 0.5. |
use_ferry |
This value indicates the willingness to take ferries. This is a range of values between 0 and 1. Values near 0 attempt to avoid ferries and values near 1 will favor ferries. Note that sometimes ferries are required to complete a route so values of 0 are not guaranteed to avoid ferries entirely. The default value is 0.5. |
avoid_bad_surfaces |
This value is meant to represent how much a cyclist wants to avoid roads with poor surfaces relative to the bicycle type being used. This is a range of values between 0 and 1. When the value is 0, there is no penalization of roads with different surface types; only bicycle speed on each surface is taken into account. As the value approaches 1, roads with poor surfaces for the bike are penalized heavier so that they are only taken if they significantly improve travel time. When the value is equal to 1, all bad surfaces are completely disallowed from routing, including start and end points. The default value is 0.25. |
Standard costing for travel by motor scooter or moped. By default, motor_scooter costing will avoid higher class roads unless the country overrides allows motor scooters on these roads. Motor scooter routes follow regular roads when needed, but avoid roads without motor_scooter, moped, or mofa access. The costing model recognizes factors unique to motor_scooter travel and offers options for tuning motor_scooter routes. Factors unique to travel by motor_scooter influence the resulting route.
All of the options described above for autos also apply to motor_scooter costing methods. These additional options are available for motor_scooter costing methods.
| Motor_scooter options | Description |
|---|---|
top_speed |
Top speed the motorized scooter can go. Used to avoid roads with higher speeds than this value. The default value is 45 KPH (~28 MPH) |
use_primary |
A riders's propensity to use primary roads. This is a range of values from 0 to 1, where 0 attempts to avoid primary roads, and 1 indicates the rider is more comfortable riding on primary roads. Based on the use_primary factor, roads with certain classifications and higher speeds are penalized in an attempt to avoid them when finding the best path. The default value is 0.5. |
use_hills |
A riders's desire to tackle hills in their routes. This is a range of values from 0 to 1, where 0 attempts to avoid hills and steep grades even if it means a longer (time and distance) path, while 1 indicates the rider does not fear hills and steeper grades. Based on the use_hills factor, penalties are applied to roads based on elevation change and grade. These penalties help the path avoid hilly roads in favor of flatter roads or less steep grades where available. Note that it is not always possible to find alternate paths to avoid hills (for example when route locations are in mountainous areas). The default value is 0.5. |
Standard costing for travel by motorcycle. By default, motorcycle costing will default to higher class roads. The costing model recognizes factors unique to motorcycle travel and offers options for tuning motorcycle routes.
All of the options described above for autos also apply to motorcycle costing methods. The following options are available for motorcycle costing:
| Motorcycle options | Description |
|---|---|
use_highway |
A riders's propensity to prefer the use of highways. This is a range of values from 0 to 1, where 0 attempts to avoid highways, and values toward 1 indicates the rider prefers highways. The default value is 1.0. |
use_trails |
A riders's desire for adventure in their routes. This is a range of values from 0 to 1, where 0 will avoid trails, tracks, unclassified or bad surfaces and values towards 1 will tend to avoid major roads and route on secondary roads. The default value is 0.0. |
These options are available for pedestrian costing methods.
| Pedestrian options | Description |
|---|---|
walking_speed |
Walking speed in kilometers per hour. Must be between 0.5 and 25 km/hr. Defaults to 5.1 km/hr (3.1 miles/hour). |
walkway_factor |
A factor that modifies the cost when encountering roads or paths that do not allow vehicles and are set aside for pedestrian use. Pedestrian routes generally attempt to favor using these walkways and sidewalks. The default walkway_factor is 0.9, indicating a slight preference. |
alley_factor |
A factor that modifies (multiplies) the cost when alleys are encountered. Pedestrian routes generally want to avoid alleys or narrow service roads between buildings. The default alley_factor is 2.0. |
driveway_factor |
A factor that modifies (multiplies) the cost when encountering a driveway, which is often a private, service road. Pedestrian routes generally want to avoid driveways (private). The default driveway factor is 5.0. |
step_penalty |
A penalty in seconds added to each transition onto a path with steps or stairs. Higher values apply larger cost penalties to avoid paths that contain flights of steps. |
use_ferry |
This value indicates the willingness to take ferries. This is range of values between 0 and 1. Values near 0 attempt to avoid ferries and values near 1 will favor ferries. The default value is 0.5. Note that sometimes ferries are required to complete a route so values of 0 are not guaranteed to avoid ferries entirely. |
max_hiking_difficulty |
This value indicates the maximum difficulty of hiking trails that is allowed. Values between 0 and 6 are allowed. The values correspond to sac_scale values within OpenStreetMap, see reference here. The default value is 1 which means that well cleared trails that are mostly flat or slightly sloped are allowed. Higher difficulty trails can be allowed by specifying a higher value for max_hiking_difficulty. |
These options are available for transit costing when the multimodal costing model is used.
| Transit options | Description |
|---|---|
use_bus |
User's desire to use buses. Range of values from 0 (try to avoid buses) to 1 (strong preference for riding buses). |
use_rail |
User's desire to use rail/subway/metro. Range of values from 0 (try to avoid rail) to 1 (strong preference for riding rail). |
use_transfers |
User's desire to favor transfers. Range of values from 0 (try to avoid transfers) to 1 (totally comfortable with transfers). |
transit_start_end_max_distance |
A pedestrian option that can be added to the request to extend the defaults (2145 meters or approximately 1.5 miles). This is the maximum walking distance at the beginning or end of a route. |
transit_transfer_max_distance |
A pedestrian option that can be added to the request to extend the defaults (800 meters or 0.5 miles). This is the maximum walking distance between transfers. |
filters |
A way to filter for one or more stops, routes, or operators. Filters must contain a list of Onestop IDs, which is a unique identifier for Transitland data, and an action.
|
When using filters, you need to include a Onestop ID to identify the stop, routes, or operators to include or exclude in your query. Depending on how you are interacting with transit data from Transitland, there are different ways of obtaining the Onestop ID.
- Turn-by-Turn API: Query a transit route query and parse the returned JSON maneuver for
transit_infoto findoperator_onestop_idand the routeonestop_id. Atransit_stopcontains theonestop_idfor the stop. - Mobility Explorer: Click a single route, stop, or operator on the map, or use the drop-down menu to find the Onestop ID for routes and operators. The Onestop ID, among other details, is listed in the sidebar.
- Transitland: Use the Transitland Datastore API to query directly for stops, routes, and operators using a number of options. For example, you can filter for only subway routes or bus routes. See the Transitland Datastore API documentation for details.
A multimodal request at the current date and time:
{"locations":[{"lat":40.730930,"lon":-73.991379,"street":"Wanamaker Place"},{"lat":40.749706,"lon":-73.991562,"street":"Penn Plaza"}],"costing":"multimodal","directions_options":{"units":"miles"}}
A multimodal request departing on 2016-03-29 at 08:00:
{"locations":[{"lat":40.749706,"lon":-73.991562,"type":"break","street":"Penn Plaza"},{"lat":40.73093,"lon":-73.991379,"type":"break","street":"Wanamaker Place"}],"costing":"multimodal","date_time":{"type":1,"value":"2016-03-29T08:00"}}
A multimodal request for a route favoring buses and a person walking at a set speed of 4.1 km/h:
{"locations":[{"lat":40.749706,"lon":-73.991562,"type":"break","street":"Penn Plaza"},{"lat":40.73093,"lon":-73.991379,"type":"break","street":"Wanamaker Place"}],"costing":"multimodal","costing_options":{"transit":{"use_bus":"1.0","use_rail":"0.0","use_transfers":"0.3"},"pedestrian":{"walking_speed":"4.1"}}}
A multimodal request with a filter for certain Onestop IDs:
{"locations":[{"lat":40.730930,"lon":-73.991379,"street":"Wanamaker Place"},{"lat":40.749706,"lon":-73.991562,"street":"Penn Plaza"}],"costing":"multimodal","costing_options":{"transit":{"filters":{"stops":{"ids":["s-dr5rsq8pqg-8st~nyu<r21n","s-dr5rsr9wyg-14st~unionsq<r20n"],"action":"exclude"},"routes":{"ids":["r-dr5r-r"],"action":"exclude"},"operators":{"ids":["o-dr5r-path"],"action":"include"}}}},"directions_options":{"units":"miles"}}
| Options | Description |
|---|---|
units |
Distance units for output. Allowable unit types are miles (or mi) and kilometers (or km). If no unit type is specified, the units default to kilometers. |
language |
The language of the narration instructions based on the IETF BCP 47 language tag string. If no language is specified or the specified language is unsupported, United States-based English (en-US) is used. Currently supported language list |
narrative |
Boolean to allow you to disable narrative production. Locations, shape, length, and time are still returned. The narrative production is enabled by default. Set the value to false to disable the narrative. |
| Language tag | Language alias | Description |
|---|---|---|
ca-ES |
ca |
Catalan (Spain) |
cs-CZ |
cs |
Czech (Czech Republic) |
de-DE |
de |
German (Germany) |
en-US |
en |
English (United States) |
en-US-x-pirate |
pirate |
English (United States) Pirate |
es-ES |
es |
Spanish (Spain) |
fr-FR |
fr |
French (France) |
hi-IN |
hi |
Hindi (India) |
it-IT |
it |
Italian (Italy) |
pt-PT |
pt |
Portuguese (Portugal) |
ru-RU |
ru |
Russian (Russia) |
sl-SI |
sl |
Slovenian (Slovenia) |
sv-SE |
sv |
Swedish (Sweden) |
| Options | Description |
|---|---|
avoid_locations |
A set of locations to exclude or avoid within a route can be specified using a JSON array of avoid_locations. The avoid_locations have the same format as the locations list. At a minimum each avoid location must include latitude and longitude. The avoid_locations are mapped to the closest road or roads and these roads are excluded from the route path computation. |
date_time |
This is the local date and time at the location.
|
out_format |
Output format. If no out_format is specified, JSON is returned. Future work includes PBF (protocol buffer) support. |
id |
Name your route request. If id is specified, the naming will be sent thru to the response. |
If a route has been named in the request using the optional &id= input, then the name will be returned as a string id on the JSON object.
The route results are returned as a trip. This is a JSON object that contains details about the trip, including locations, a summary with basic information about the entire trip, and a list of legs.
Basic trip information includes:
| Trip item | Description |
|---|---|
status |
Status code. |
status_message |
Status message. |
units |
The specified units of length are returned, either kilometers or miles. |
language |
The language of the narration instructions. If the user specified a language in the directions options and the specified language was supported - this returned value will be equal to the specified value. Otherwise, this value will be the default (en-US) language. |
locations |
Location information is returned in the same form as it is entered with additional fields to indicate the side of the street. |
The summary JSON object includes:
| Summary item | Description |
|---|---|
time |
Estimated elapsed time to complete the trip. |
length |
Distance traveled for the entire trip. Units are either miles or kilometers based on the input units specified. |
min_lat |
Minimum latitude of a bounding box containing the route. |
min_lon |
Minimum longitude of a bounding box containing the route. |
max_lat |
Maximum latitude of a bounding box containing the route. |
max_lon |
Maximum longitude of a bounding box containing the route. |
A trip contains one or more legs. For n number of break locations, there are n-1 legs. Through locations do not create separate legs.
Each leg of the trip includes a summary, which is comprised of the same information as a trip summary but applied to the single leg of the trip. It also includes a shape, which is an encoded polyline of the route path (with 6 digits decimal precision), and a list of maneuvers as a JSON array. For more about decoding route shapes, see these code examples.
Each maneuver includes:
| Maneuver item | Description |
|---|---|
type |
Type of maneuver. See below for a list. |
instruction |
Written maneuver instruction. Describes the maneuver, such as "Turn right onto Main Street". |
verbal_transition_alert_instruction |
Text suitable for use as a verbal alert in a navigation application. The transition alert instruction will prepare the user for the forthcoming transition. For example: "Turn right onto North Prince Street". |
verbal_pre_transition_instruction |
Text suitable for use as a verbal message immediately prior to the maneuver transition. For example "Turn right onto North Prince Street, U.S. 2 22". |
verbal_post_transition_instruction |
Text suitable for use as a verbal message immediately after the maneuver transition. For example "Continue on U.S. 2 22 for 3.9 miles". |
street_names |
List of street names that are consistent along the entire maneuver. |
begin_street_names |
When present, these are the street names at the beginning of the maneuver (if they are different than the names that are consistent along the entire maneuver). |
time |
Estimated time along the maneuver in seconds. |
length |
Maneuver length in the units specified. |
begin_shape_index |
Index into the list of shape points for the start of the maneuver. |
end_shape_index |
Index into the list of shape points for the end of the maneuver. |
toll |
True if the maneuver has any toll, or portions of the maneuver are subject to a toll. |
rough |
True if the maneuver is unpaved or rough pavement, or has any portions that have rough pavement. |
gate |
True if a gate is encountered on this maneuver. |
ferry |
True if a ferry is encountered on this maneuver. |
sign |
Contains the interchange guide information at a road junction associated with this maneuver. See below for details. |
roundabout_exit_count |
The spoke to exit roundabout after entering. |
depart_instruction |
Written depart time instruction. Typically used with a transit maneuver, such as "Depart: 8:04 AM from 8 St - NYU". |
verbal_depart_instruction |
Text suitable for use as a verbal depart time instruction. Typically used with a transit maneuver, such as "Depart at 8:04 AM from 8 St - NYU". |
arrive_instruction |
Written arrive time instruction. Typically used with a transit maneuver, such as "Arrive: 8:10 AM at 34 St - Herald Sq". |
verbal_arrive_instruction |
Text suitable for use as a verbal arrive time instruction. Typically used with a transit maneuver, such as "Arrive at 8:10 AM at 34 St - Herald Sq". |
transit_info |
Contains the attributes that describe a specific transit route. See below for details. |
verbal_multi_cue |
True if the verbal_pre_transition_instruction has been appended with the verbal instruction of the next maneuver. |
travel_mode |
Travel mode.
|
travel_type |
Travel type for drive.
|
For the maneuver type, the following are available:
kNone = 0;
kStart = 1;
kStartRight = 2;
kStartLeft = 3;
kDestination = 4;
kDestinationRight = 5;
kDestinationLeft = 6;
kBecomes = 7;
kContinue = 8;
kSlightRight = 9;
kRight = 10;
kSharpRight = 11;
kUturnRight = 12;
kUturnLeft = 13;
kSharpLeft = 14;
kLeft = 15;
kSlightLeft = 16;
kRampStraight = 17;
kRampRight = 18;
kRampLeft = 19;
kExitRight = 20;
kExitLeft = 21;
kStayStraight = 22;
kStayRight = 23;
kStayLeft = 24;
kMerge = 25;
kRoundaboutEnter = 26;
kRoundaboutExit = 27;
kFerryEnter = 28;
kFerryExit = 29;
kTransit = 30;
kTransitTransfer = 31;
kTransitRemainOn = 32;
kTransitConnectionStart = 33;
kTransitConnectionTransfer = 34;
kTransitConnectionDestination = 35;
kPostTransitConnectionDestination = 36;
The maneuver sign may contain four lists of interchange sign elements as follows:
exit_number_elements= list of exit number elements. If an exit number element exists, it is typically just one value.exit_branch_elements= list of exit branch elements. The exit branch element text is the subsequent road name or route number after the sign.exit_toward_elements= list of exit toward elements. The exit toward element text is the location where the road ahead goes - the location is typically a control city, but may also be a future road name or route number.exit_name_elements= list of exit name elements. The exit name element is the interchange identifier - typically not used in the US.
Each maneuver sign element includes:
| Maneuver sign element item | Description |
|---|---|
text |
Interchange sign text.
|
consecutive_count |
The frequency of this sign element within a set a consecutive signs. This item is optional. |
A maneuver transit_info includes:
| Maneuver transit route item | Description |
|---|---|
onestop_id |
Global transit route identifier from Transitland. |
short_name |
Short name describing the transit route. For example "N". |
long_name |
Long name describing the transit route. For example "Broadway Express". |
headsign |
The sign on a public transport vehicle that identifies the route destination to passengers. For example "ASTORIA - DITMARS BLVD". |
color |
The numeric color value associated with a transit route. The value for yellow would be "16567306". |
text_color |
The numeric text color value associated with a transit route. The value for black would be "0". |
description |
The description of the the transit route. For example "Trains operate from Ditmars Boulevard, Queens, to Stillwell Avenue, Brooklyn, at all times. N trains in Manhattan operate along Broadway and across the Manhattan Bridge to and from Brooklyn. Trains in Brooklyn operate along 4th Avenue, then through Borough Park to Gravesend. Trains typically operate local in Queens, and either express or local in Manhattan and Brooklyn, depending on the time. Late night trains operate via Whitehall Street, Manhattan. Late night service is local". |
operator_onestop_id |
Global operator/agency identifier from Transitland. |
operator_name |
Operator/agency name. For example, "BART", "King County Marine Division", and so on. Short name is used over long name. |
operator_url |
Operator/agency URL. For example, "http://web.mta.info/". |
transit_stops |
A list of the stops/stations associated with a specific transit route. See below for details. |
A transit_stop includes:
| Transit stop item | Description |
|---|---|
type |
Type of stop (simple stop=0; station=1). |
onestop_id |
Global transit stop identifier from Transitland. |
name |
Name of the stop or station. For example "14 St - Union Sq". |
arrival_date_time |
Arrival date and time using the ISO 8601 format (YYYY-MM-DDThh:mm). For example, "2015-12-29T08:06". |
departure_date_time |
Departure date and time using the ISO 8601 format (YYYY-MM-DDThh:mm). For example, "2015-12-29T08:06". |
is_parent_stop |
True if this stop is a marked as a parent stop. |
assumed_schedule |
True if the times are based on an assumed schedule because the actual schedule is not known. |
lat |
Latitude of the transit stop in degrees. |
lon |
Longitude of the transit stop in degrees. |
Continuing with the earlier routing example from the Detroit, Michigan area, a maneuver such as this one may be returned with that request: {"begin_shape_index":0,"length":0.109,"end_shape_index":1,"instruction":"Go south on Appleton.","street_names":["Appleton"],"type":1,"time":0}
In the future, look for additional maneuver information to enhance navigation applications, including landmark usage.
The following is a table of HTTP status error code conditions that may occur for a particular request. In general, the service follows the HTTP specification. That is to say that 5xx returns are generally ephemeral server problems that should be resolved shortly or are the result of a bug. 4xx returns are used to mark requests that cannot be carried out, generally due to bad input in the request or problems with the underlying data. A 2xx return is expected when there is a successful route result or trip, as described above.
| Status Code | Status | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 200 | your_trip_json | A happy bit of json describing your trip result |
| 400 | Failed to parse json request | You need a valid json request |
| 400 | Failed to parse location | You need a valid location object in your json request |
| 400 | Failed to parse correlated location | There was a problem with the location once correlated to the route network |
| 400 | Insufficiently specified required parameter 'locations' | You forgot the locations parameter |
| 400 | No edge/node costing provided | You forgot the costing parameter |
| 400 | Insufficient number of locations provided | You didn't provide enough locations |
| 400 | Exceeded max route locations of X | You are asking for too many locations |
| 400 | Locations are in unconnected regions. Go check/edit the map at osm.org | You are routing between regions of no connectivity |
| 400 | No costing method found for 'X' | You are asking for a non-existent costing mode |
| 400 | Path distance exceeds the max distance limit | You want to travel further than this mode allows |
| 400 | No suitable edges near location | There were no edges applicable to your mode of travel near the input location |
| 400 | No data found for location | There was no route data tile at the input location |
| 400 | No path could be found for input | There was no path found between the input locations |
| 404 | Try any of: '/route' '/locate' | You asked for an invalid path |
| 405 | Try a POST or GET request instead | We only support GET and POST requests |
| 500 | Failed to parse intermediate request format | Had a problem reading an intermediate request format |
| 500 | Failed to parse TripPath | Had a problem reading the computed path from Protobuf |
| 500 | Could not build directions for TripPath | Had a problem using the trip path to create TripDirections |
| 500 | Failed to parse TripDirections | Had a problem using the trip directions to serialize a json response |
| 501 | Not implemented | Not Implemented |
The following is a table of exception internal error code conditions that may occur for a particular request. An error code utility header file can be included by any of the Valhalla service projects.
The codes correspond to code returned from a particular Valhalla project.
| Error code | Error |
|---|---|
| 1xx | Loki project codes |
| 100 | Failed to parse json request |
| 101 | Try a POST or GET request instead |
| 102 | The config actions for Loki are incorrectly loaded |
| 103 | Missing max_locations configuration |
| 104 | Missing max_distance configuration |
| 105 | Path action not supported |
| 106 | Try any of |
| 107 | Not Implemented |
| 110 | Insufficiently specified required parameter 'locations' |
| 111 | Insufficiently specified required parameter 'time' |
| 112 | Insufficiently specified required parameter 'locations' or 'sources & targets' |
| 113 | Insufficiently specified required parameter 'contours' |
| 114 | Insufficiently specified required parameter 'shape' or 'encoded_polyline' |
| 120 | Insufficient number of locations provided |
| 121 | Insufficient number of sources provided |
| 122 | Insufficient number of targets provided |
| 123 | Insufficient shape provided |
| 124 | No edge/node costing provided |
| 125 | No costing method found |
| 126 | No shape provided |
| 130 | Failed to parse location |
| 131 | Failed to parse source |
| 132 | Failed to parse target |
| 140 | Action does not support multimodal costing |
| 141 | Arrive by for multimodal not implemented yet |
| 142 | Arrive by not implemented for isochrones |
| 150 | Exceeded max locations |
| 151 | Exceeded max time |
| 152 | Exceeded max contours |
| 153 | Too many shape points |
| 154 | Path distance exceeds the max distance limit |
| 155 | Outside the valid walking distance at the beginning or end of a multimodal route |
| 156 | Outside the valid walking distance between stops of a multimodal route |
| 157 | Exceeded max avoid locations |
| 158 | Input trace option is out of bounds |
| 160 | Date and time required for origin for date_type of depart at |
| 161 | Date and time required for destination for date_type of arrive by |
| 162 | Date and time is invalid. Format is YYYY-MM-DDTHH:MM |
| 163 | Invalid date_type |
| 170 | Locations are in unconnected regions. Go check/edit the map at osm.org |
| 171 | No suitable edges near location |
| 199 | Unknown |
| 2xx | Odin project codes |
| 200 | Failed to parse intermediate request format |
| 201 | Failed to parse TripPath |
| 210 | Trip path does not have any nodes |
| 211 | Trip path has only one node |
| 212 | Trip must have at least 2 locations |
| 213 | Error - No shape or invalid node count |
| 220 | Turn degree out of range for cardinal direction |
| 230 | Invalid TripDirections_Maneuver_Type in method FormTurnInstruction |
| 231 | Invalid TripDirections_Maneuver_Type in method FormRelativeTwoDirection |
| 232 | Invalid TripDirections_Maneuver_Type in method FormRelativeThreeDirection |
| 299 | Unknown |
| 3xx | Skadi project codes |
| 300 | Failed to parse json request |
| 301 | Try a POST or GET request instead |
| 302 | The config actions for Skadi are incorrectly loaded |
| 303 | Path action not supported |
| 304 | Try any of |
| 305 | Not Implemented |
| 310 | No shape provided |
| 311 | Insufficient shape provided |
| 312 | Insufficiently specified required parameter 'shape' or 'encoded_polyline' |
| 313 | 'resample_distance' must be >= |
| 314 | Too many shape points |
| 399 | Unknown |
| 4xx | Thor project codes |
| 400 | Unknown action |
| 401 | Failed to parse intermediate request format |
| 410 | Insufficiently specified required parameter 'locations' |
| 411 | Insufficiently specified required parameter 'shape' |
| 412 | No costing method found |
| 420 | Failed to parse correlated location |
| 421 | Failed to parse location |
| 422 | Failed to parse source |
| 423 | Failed to parse target |
| 424 | Failed to parse shape |
| 430 | Exceeded max iterations in CostMatrix::SourceToTarget |
| 440 | Cannot reach destination - too far from a transit stop |
| 441 | Location is unreachable |
| 442 | No path could be found for input |
| 443 | Exact route match algorithm failed to find path |
| 444 | Map Match algorithm failed to find path |
| 445 | Shape match algorithm specification in api request is incorrect. Please see documentation for valid shape_match input. |
| 499 | Unknown |
| 5xx | Tyr project codes |
| 500 | Failed to parse intermediate request format |
| 501 | Failed to parse TripDirections |
| 599 | Unknown |