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Tipped

A complete Tooltip solution based on jQuery.

Usage

Installation

Download Tipped and include it below the latest 3.x release of jQuery:

<script
  type="text/javascript"
  src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.6.0.min.js"
></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="/tipped/dist/js/tipped.min.js"></script>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/tipped/dist/css/tipped.css" />

Alternatively Tipped can be installed using npm:

npm install @staaky/tipped

Basic Usage

Tipped.create can be used to create one or more tooltips at the same time. It accepts a CSS Selector or HTML Element as the first parameter:

$(function () {
  Tipped.create("#element-id", "Some tooltip text");
});

If no string is given as the second argument Tipped will look for it in the title attribute. By using this multiple tooltips can be created using a single CSS Selector:

<span class="has-tooltip" title="First tooltip">I have a tooltip</span>
<span class="has-tooltip" title="Second tooltip">I also have a tooltip</span>

<script type="text/javascript">
  $(function () {
    Tipped.create(".has-tooltip");
  });
</script>

Additional options can be provided as the last argument:

Tipped.create("#demo-options", "Options are awesome", { position: "topleft" });

Options can also be set on elements using the data-tipped-options attribute. Those options will overwrite the ones provided through Tipped.create:

<span class="x-small-tooltip" title="Red" data-tipped-options="skin: 'red'"
  >Red</span
>
<span class="x-small-tooltip" title="Green" data-tipped-options="skin: 'green'"
  >Green</span
>
<span class="x-small-tooltip" title="Blue" data-tipped-options="skin: 'blue'"
  >Blue</span
>

<script type="text/javascript">
  $(function () {
    Tipped.create(".x-small-tooltip", { size: "x-small" });
  });
</script>

When using the data-attribute it's important to ask yourself if you really need it. In the example above it would probably have been better to use a separate class and Tipped.create call for each color, that would avoid unnecessary styling in the markup and make the code more maintainable. We'll see more practical use of the data-tipped-options attribute when using Inline and Ajax tooltips.

More complex tooltips that define Callbacks are best created entirely through Tipped.create:

Tipped.create(
  "#demo-options-callbacks",
  "This tooltip is a bit more advanced",
  {
    skin: "light",
    position: "topleft",
    close: true,
    hideOn: false,
    onShow: function (content, element) {
      $(element).addClass("highlight");
    },
    afterHide: function (content, element) {
      $(element).removeClass("highlight");
    },
  }
);

Inline

Anything on the page can be pulled into a tooltip by giving the inline option the id of the element to pull into the tooltip:

<span class="inline" data-tipped-options="inline: 'inline-tooltip-1'"
  >Inline 1</span
>
<div id="inline-tooltip-1" style="display:none">Moved into the tooltip</div>

<span class="inline" data-tipped-options="inline: 'inline-tooltip-2'"
  >Inline 2</span
>
<div id="inline-tooltip-2" style="display:none">Another one</div>

<script type="text/javascript">
  $(function () {
    Tipped.create(".inline");
  });
</script>

Note: Keep in mind that an id needs to be unique for a page to validate. Each element with an inline tooltip requires its own unique inline element. Since this element is moved into the tooltip and not cloned (that would invalidate the page) it cannot be reused.

Elements

Elements can be used as tooltip content, dynamically created or taken from the page. When taking elements from the page this works almost the same as using the inline option but without being restricted in using an id:

<span id="element-dynamic">Dynamic</span>

<span id="element-inline">Inline</span>
<div class="move-into-tooltip" style="display:none">Moved into the tooltip</div>

<script type="text/javascript">
  $(function () {
    Tipped.create("#element-dynamic", $("<i/>").html("Dynamically created"));
    Tipped.create(
      "#element-inline",
      $("#element-inline").next(".move-into-tooltip")[0]
    );
  });
</script>

Functions

A function can be used as content for the tooltip. It should return the content to be pushed into the tooltip. Its first argument refers to the element the tooltip was created for:

<span id="function" data-content="Bold">Function</span>

<script type="text/javascript">
  $(function () {
    Tipped.create("#function", function (element) {
      return "<strong>" + $(element).data("content") + "<\/strong>";
    });
  });
</script>

The return value of the function will be cached by default. The cache option can be used to disable this and call the function every time the tooltip is shown:

<span id="function-no-cache">Function - No cache</span>

<script type="text/javascript">
  $(function () {
    Tipped.create(
      "#function-no-cache",
      function () {
        var random = Math.floor(Math.random() * 1000) + 1;
        return "Random number: " + random;
      },
      {
        cache: false,
      }
    );
  });
</script>

Instead of return a string an object can be used to set both title and content:

<span class="function" data-content="Some content" data-title="A title"
  >Function 1</span
>
<span class="function" data-content="This tooltip doesn't have a title"
  >Function 2</span
>

<script type="text/javascript">
  $(function () {
    Tipped.create(
      ".function",
      function (element) {
        return {
          title: $(element).data("title"),
          content: $(element).data("content"),
        };
      },
      {
        skin: "light",
      }
    );
  });
</script>

Ajax

The ajax option can be used to make Ajax requests, it accepts the same settings as jQuery.ajax(). A simple Ajax request that updates a tooltip would look like this:

<span id="ajax-example" data-tipped-options="ajax: { url: 'hello-world.php' }"
  >Ajax</span
>

<script type="text/javascript">
  $(function () {
    Tipped.create("#ajax-example");
  });
</script>

When using a success callback the tooltip won't automatically be updated with the response. This allows the response to be modified before proceeding with the update. Use return in the callback to update the tooltip with a modified response:

<span id="ajax-callback">Ajax Callback</span>

<script type="text/javascript">
  $(function () {
    Tipped.create("#ajax-callback", {
      ajax: {
        url: "hello-world.php",
        success: function (data, textStatus, jqXHR) {
          return jqXHR.responseText + ", this is a modified response";
        },
      },
    });
  });
</script>

Important: Using return within a success callback doesn't update the tooltip straight away. Use afterUpdate for a reliable callback after the tooltip has been updated.

Ajax request become more useful when sending along data with the request to modify the response on the server side:

<span
  class="ajax-artist"
  data-tipped-options="ajax: {
  data: { artist: 'norahjones' }
}"
  >Norah Jones</span
>
<span
  class="ajax-artist"
  data-tipped-options="ajax: {
  data: { artist: 'theglitchmob' }
}"
  >The Glitch Mob</span
>

<script type="text/javascript">
  $(document).ready(function () {
    Tipped.create(".ajax-artist", {
      ajax: {
        url: "artist.php",
        type: "post",
      },
      skin: "light",
      size: "large",
      radius: false,
      position: "topleft",
    });
  });
</script>

JSON

Since the ajax implementation makes it possible to modify the response before proceeding with the update it can also be used to handle JSON to create the content of a tooltip:

<span id="json-vimeo">JSON - Vimeo</span>

<script type="text/javascript">
  $(function () {
    Tipped.create("#json-vimeo", {
      ajax: {
        url: "//vimeo.com/api/oembed.json?url=http://vimeo.com/6428069&maxwidth=280&maxheight=280",
        success: function (data, textStatus, jqXHR) {
          return {
            title: data.title,
            content: data.html,
          };
        },
      },
      close: true,
      hideOn: false,
      skin: "light",
      radius: false,
      position: "topleft",
    });
  });
</script>

Event Delegation

When there are a lot of tooltips on the page it'll make sense to use event delegation to lighten the load on the page. Tipped.delegate can be used for this, it doesn't create tooltips when called, instead it creates tooltips once an event is triggered that requires a tooltip to be shown.

Tipped.delegate accepts a CSS Selector, followed by optional content and/or options:

<span class="delegation-example" title="Created with event delegation"
  >Delegation 1</span
>
<span class="delegation-example" title="Another one">Delegation 2</span>

<script type="text/javascript">
  $(function () {
    Tipped.delegate(".delegation-example", {
      skin: "blue",
    });
  });
</script>

Options

Options can be provided as the last argument when using Tipped.create:

Tipped.create("#example", "Options!", { position: "topleft" });

Alternatively they can be set on elements using the data-tipped-options attribute:

<span id="example" data-tipped-options="position: 'topleft'">example</span>

Options defined with the data-attribute will overwrite those defined using Tipped.create.

Option

ajax

Update the content of the tooltip with the response of an ajax requests, it accepts the same settings as jQuery.ajax():

ajax: {
  url: 'example.php',
  type: 'post',
  data: { id: 204481 }
}

When using a success callback the tooltip won't automatically be updated with the response. This allows the response to be modified before proceeding with the update. Use return in the callback to update the tooltip with a modified response:

ajax: {
  url: 'example.json',
  success: function(data, textStatus, jqXHR) {
    return data.content + " modified!";
  }
}

Both the content and the title of the tooltip can be set this way:

ajax: {
  url: 'example.json',
  success: function(data, textStatus, jqXHR) {
    return {
      title: data.title,
      content: data.content
    };
  }
}

Set the cache option to false to disable caching of the ajax request, this will create a new request each time the tooltip is opened.

ajax: { url: 'example.php' },
cache: false

behavior

Load a number of preset options for common tooltip usecases. Other options defined on the tooltip will extend these presets. Possible behaviors are: hide, mouse and sticky.

The hide behavior hides the tooltip on mouseenter:

behavior: 'hide'

With the mouse behavior the tooltip will follow the mouse and hide on mouseenter:

behavior: 'mouse'

Using sticky the tooltip shows up at the initial mouse position and stays there. This is ideal for use on text to get a correct tooltip position even when an element has a linebreak.

behavior: 'sticky'

Custom Behaviors

Behaviors are stored in Tipped.Behaviors, you can add your own by extending it. If you every find yourself recycling groups of options, consider adding a behavior:

// add a behavior
$.extend(Tipped.Behaviors, {
  "custom-slow": {
    fadeIn: 600,
    fadeOut: 600,
  },
});

// use it with the behavior option
Tipped.create("#custom-behavior-slow", "Slowly!", {
  behavior: "custom-slow",
  skin: "light",
});

cache

Can be used to disable caching for Ajax and Function based tooltips:

cache: false

container

Sets the element the tooltip is appended to, defaults to document.body:

container: $('#scroll')[0]

When given a selector string, an element will be searched for in the parent node tree up from the element the tooltip is attached to:

container: '.scrolling-container'

Note: Parts of the tooltip will not be visible if the container element has hidden overflow. This can be somewhat avoided by also using the containment option to attempt to keep the tooltip within the container.

Note: Tooltips use position:absolute to position themselves within the container, so the container element will have to allow for absolute positioning. It might be needed to set position:relative or position:absolute on the container itself.

containment

Tooltips are kept within the viewport, this can be disabled with the containment option:

containment: false

Set padding to change the padding between the tooltip and the edges of the viewport:

containment: { padding: 5 }

Use selector to keep the tooltip within a specific element. This has to be a CSS selector pointing to an element in the parent node tree of the element that has the tooltip attached to it.

containment: {
  selector: '#page',
  padding: 0
}

close

Shows a close button when set to true, combined with the hideOn option it can be used to create a tooltip that only closes itself with this button:

close: true,
hideOn: false

When the tooltip has a title the close button will be moved into the title bar. The title bar can also be enabled without a title:

close: true,
hideOn: false,
title: true

Setting the close option to 'overlap' creates a close button that overlaps the tooltip content:

close: 'overlap',
hideOn: false

Elements within a tooltip with the class close-tooltip will automatically become a close button.

<a href="javascript:;" class="close-tooltip">click to close</a>

detach

Tooltips are detached from the body element once hidden. Setting detach to false will keep them attached even when hidden.

detach: false

fadeIn

The duration of the fadein effect in miliseconds.

fadeIn: 200

fadeOut

The duration of the fadein fadeout in miliseconds.

fadeOut: 200

fixed

When set to true the tooltip won't follow the mouse and stay in its initial position, it's useful when combined with the mouse as target:

fixed: true,
target: 'mouse'

hideAfter

Hides the tooltip after a delay in miliseconds of not hovering the tooltip or its element:

hideAfter: 2000

hideDelay

A delay in miliseconds before the tooltip hides.

hideDelay: 25

hideOn

An event that triggers the tooltip to hide.

hideOn: 'click'

For more control this can also be an object that sets events for the element and tooltip:

hideOn: {
  element: 'mouseleave',
  tooltip: 'mouseenter'
}

Set this option to false to disable hiding the tooltip through events:

hideOn: false

hideOnClickOutside

When set to true the tooltip will hide after a click outside of it or its element:

hideOnClickOutside: true

hideOthers

Hides all visible tooltips before showing the tooltip when set to true.

hideOthers: true

inline

Sets the id of an element to pull into the tooltip.

inline: 'pull-into-tooltip'

maxWidth

Sets the maximum width of the tooltip content.

maxWidth: 200

offset

Can be used to set x and/or y offset of the tooltip.

offset: { y: -5 }

offset: { x: 10, y: 5 }

Note: It's recommended to use the position option and only use offset when further tweaking is needed.

padding

Disables the padding defined in CSS when set to false, enabled by default.

padding: false

position

Sets the position of the tooltip in relation to its target.

Possible values are: topleft, top, topright, righttop, right, rightbottom, bottomleft, bottom, bottomright, lefttop, left and leftbottom.

position: 'topleft'

For more advanced positioning you can set the position based on how the tooltip and its target are connected:

position: {
  target: 'bottom',
  tooltip: 'topleft'
}

radius

Disables the border-radius defined in CSS when set to false, enabled by default.

radius: false

shadow

Disables the shadow defined in CSS when set to false, enabled by default.

shadow: false

showDelay

A delay in miliseconds before the tooltip appears, by default this is set to a slight delay so tooltips don't instantly appear when moving the mouse over the page:

showDelay: 75

showOn

An event that triggers the tooltip to show.

showOn: 'click'

For more control this can also be an object that sets events for the element and tooltip:

showOn: {
  element: 'mouseenter',
  tooltip: 'mouseenter'
}

Set this option to false to disable showing the tooltip through events.

showOn: false

size

Adjusts the tooltip to one of the following sizes: x-small, small, medium or large.

size: 'x-small'

See the documentation on Skins for examples on how to add custom sizes.

skin

Sets a skin for the tooltip. If any options have been defined for this skin they will be used as the starting options for the tooltip. All other given options will extend those.

Possible values: dark, light, gray, red, green, blue, lightyellow, lightblue and lightpink.

skin: 'light'

See the documentation on Skins for examples on creating and using skins.

stem

Disables the stem when set to false.

stem: false

spinner

A spinner is shown while ajax requests are loading or when Tipped is waiting for images within the tooltip content to finish loading. It can be disabled by setting this option to false:

spinner: false

target

Defines where the tooltip will appear. Possible values for target are element, mouse or an HTMLElement.

target: 'mouse'

target: $('#different-element')[0]

title

Can be used to enable the title bar and optionally set a title to go with it.

title: true

title: "I have a title"

voila

Can be used to disable Voilà, a library that waits for images in the tooltip to finish loading so the tooltip gets proper dimensions.

If you disable it, make sure the tooltip content has dimensions set.

voila: false

Tip: To have the benefit of Voilà without showing a loading icon as it waits consider using spinner:false instead.

zIndex

By default no zIndex is set. This will have all tooltips increment their z-index starting from the default 999999 or the z-index set by Tipped.setStartingZIndex.

If you need control over the z-index you can set it using this option. Setting zIndex makes the z-index of the tooltip static. This disables the default behavior where tooltips increment z-index when they get focus.

zIndex: 1500000

Callbacks

Callbacks can be used alongside other Options.

Callback

afterHide

A function to call after the tooltip is fully hidden.

afterHide: function(content, element) {
  console.log('Hidden tooltip for:', element);
}

afterUpdate

A function to call after the content of the tooltip updates. The first argument will be the element containing the content of the tooltip, the second argument the element that triggered the tooltip.

afterUpdate: function(content, element) {
  $(content).css({ background: 'red' });
  $(element).css({ background: 'green' });
}

onShow

A function to call when the tooltip shows up.

onShow: function(content, element) {
  console.log('Showing the tooltip for:', element);
}

Skins

Tooltip skins are created entirely in CSS, new skins can be added with just a few lines of code:

/* purple */
.tpd-skin-purple .tpd-content,
.tpd-skin-purple .tpd-title,
.tpd-skin-purple .tpd-close {
  color: #fff;
}
.tpd-skin-purple .tpd-background-content {
  background-color: #5b45e3;
}
.tpd-skin-purple .tpd-background {
  border-width: 1px;
  border-color: rgba(6, 0, 12, 0.6);
}
.tpd-skin-purple .tpd-background-title {
  background-color: #5b45e3;
}
/* line below the title */
.tpd-skin-purple .tpd-title-wrapper {
  border-bottom: 1px solid #2a1fb4;
}
/* shadow */
.tpd-skin-purple .tpd-background-shadow {
  box-shadow: 0 0 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);
}
/* spinner */
.tpd-skin-purple .tpd-spinner-spin {
  border-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2);
  border-left-color: #fff;
}
/* links */
.tpd-skin-purple a {
  color: #ddd;
}
.tpd-skin-purple a:hover {
  color: #c6c6c6;
}

Once the CSS has been added the skin can be used by the skin option:

skin: 'purple'

Important: When adding custom skins it's recommended to do this in separate files, this will allow upgrading of Tipped without breaking anything.

Default Options

Default options can be set for a skin by extending Tipped.Skins:

$.extend(Tipped.Skins, {
  purple: {
    radius: false,
    shadow: false,
  },
});

Behaviors

It's recommended to avoid storing options on a skin that involve things other than layout. Tipped provides Behaviors to help with this. If you need to recycle options, it's best to create a behavior and use it alongside the skin option:

// add a custom behavior
$.extend(Tipped.Behaviors, {
  "custom-slow": {
    fadeIn: 600,
    fadeOut: 600,
  },
});

// use behavior alongside the skin option
Tipped.create("#custom-behavior-slow", "Slowly!", {
  behavior: "custom-slow",
  skin: "purple",
});

Sizes

Extra sizes can be added through CSS:

/* huge */
.tpd-size-huge .tpd-content,
.tpd-size-huge .tpd-title {
  padding: 15px;
  font-size: 15px;
  line-height: 20px;
}
.tpd-size-huge .tpd-background {
  border-radius: 10px;
}
.tpd-size-huge .tpd-stem {
  width: 24px;
  height: 12px;
  margin-left: 8px; /* space from the side */
  margin-top: 2px; /* space between stem and target */
}
.tpd-size-huge.tpd-no-radius .tpd-stem {
  margin-left: 10px;
}
.tpd-size-huge .tpd-close {
  margin: 11px 5px 11px 5px;
}
.tpd-size-huge .tpd-close-icon {
  font-size: 32px;
}
.tpd-size-huge .tpd-spinner {
  width: 66px;
  height: 50px;
}
.tpd-size-huge .tpd-spinner-spin {
  margin: 14px 0 0 22px;
}
.tpd-size-huge .tpd-spinner-spin,
.tpd-size-huge .tpd-spinner-spin:after {
  width: 22px;
  height: 22px;
}

Use them with the size option:

size: 'huge'

Default Skin

To change the default skin for all tooltips use Tipped.setDefaultSkin:

Tipped.setDefaultSkin("purple");

API

The API can be used to generate and control tooltips through Javascript.

Method

Tipped.clearAjaxCache

Clears the ajax cache for all tooltips, a new request will be made the next time they're shown.

Tipped.clearAjaxCache();

Tipped.create

Creates one or more tooltips using a CSS Selector or an HTMLElement. This method returns a Collection that allows chaining of show, hide, toggle, disable, enable, refresh and remove.

$(function () {
  var collection = Tipped.create(".tipped");
  setTimeout(function () {
    collection.show();
  }, 5000);
});

Tipped.delegate

Use event delegation to create tooltips based on a CSS Selector, this will work even for elements added to the page later on.

Tipped.delegate(".tipped", { position: "topleft" });

See Event Delegation for more details and examples on using this method.

Note: Methods like Tipped.show don't work on delegated tooltips because they're not created right away. Delegated tooltips are created once an event is triggered that would show them. Use Tipped.create to create tooltips that are immediately accessible to other API methods.

Tipped.disable

Disables tooltips, making it impossible to show or hide them.

Tipped.disable(".tipped");

Tipped.enable

Enable tooltips previously disabled with Tipped.disable.

Tipped.enable(".tipped");

Tipped.findElement

Returns the element for which the tooltip was created when given a tooltip element or any element within that tooltip.

var element = Tipped.findElement($("#element-within-tooltip")[0]);

The methods get, show, hide, toggle, refresh and remove all use Tipped.findElement() internally so you can do the following within a tooltip:

<span onclick="Tipped.hide(this);">click to close</span>

Tipped.get

Retrieves a collection off tooltips created through Tipped.create using a CSS Selector or HTMLElement.

Tipped.create("#content .tipped");
var collection = Tipped.get("#content .tipped");
collection.show();

Tipped.hide

Hides one more tooltips using a CSS Selector or HTMLElement.

Tipped.hide("#some-element");

Giving this method an element within a tooltip that doesn't have its own tooltip will also hide the tooltip:

Tipped.hide($("#element-within-tooltip")[0]);

Tipped.hideAll

Hides all tooltips.

Tipped.hideAll();

Tipped.init

Restores Tipped to its initial state, removing all tooltips in the process.

Tipped.init();

Tipped.refresh

Forces a refresh of one or more tooltips, this will update dimensions and reposition them:

Tipped.refresh("#some-element");

Giving this method an element within a tooltip that doesn't have its own tooltip will also cause the tooltip to refresh:

Tipped.refresh($("#element-within-tooltip")[0]);

Not using any parameters will refresh all visible tooltips:

Tipped.refresh();

Tipped.remove

Removes one or more tooltips using a CSS Selector or HTMLElement.

Tipped.remove("#content .tipped");

Tipped.setDefaultSkin

Sets a different default skin.

Tipped.setDefaultSkin("light");

Tipped.setStartingZIndex

Sets the default starting z-index for all tooltips, the default is 999999.

Tipped.setStartingZIndex(999999);

Tipped.show

Shows one or more tooltips using a CSS Selector or HTMLElement.

Tipped.show("#some-element");

The CSS Selector makes it easy to target groups of tooltips.

Tipped.show(".story span.tipped");

Tipped.toggle

Toggle display of a tooltip, accepts a CSS Selector or HTMLElement.

Tipped.toggle("#toggle-me");

Tipped.undelegate

Stop delegation started with Tipped.delegate.

Tipped.undelegate(".tipped");

Tipped.visible

Returns true if a given element has a visible tooltip, or when given a CSS selector it will return the amount of visible tooltips.

if (Tipped.visible("#some-element")) {
  // do something
}
var visibleCount = Tipped.visible(".has-tooltip");

When no arguments are given the amount of visible tooltips on the entire page is returned:

console.log("There are " + Tipped.visible() + " visible tooltips on the page");

Tipped has been open-sourced under the Creative Commons BY 4.0 license as of nov. 25 2019.