localserve.go

package main

import (
	"bytes"
	"context"
	"crypto/ecdsa"
	"crypto/elliptic"
	cryptorand "crypto/rand"
	"crypto/x509"
	"crypto/x509/pkix"
	"encoding/pem"
	"fmt"
	golog "log"
	"log/slog"
	"math/big"
	"net"
	"os"
	"os/signal"
	"path/filepath"
	"runtime"
	"syscall"
	"time"

	"golang.org/x/crypto/bcrypt"

	"github.com/mjl-/sconf"

	"github.com/mjl-/mox/admin"
	"github.com/mjl-/mox/config"
	"github.com/mjl-/mox/dkim"
	"github.com/mjl-/mox/dns"
	"github.com/mjl-/mox/junk"
	"github.com/mjl-/mox/mlog"
	"github.com/mjl-/mox/mox-"
	"github.com/mjl-/mox/moxvar"
	"github.com/mjl-/mox/queue"
	"github.com/mjl-/mox/smtpserver"
	"github.com/mjl-/mox/store"
)

func cmdLocalserve(c *cmd) {
	c.help = `Start a local SMTP/IMAP server that accepts all messages, useful when testing/developing software that sends email.

Localserve starts mox with a configuration suitable for local email-related
software development/testing. It listens for SMTP/Submission(s), IMAP(s) and
HTTP(s), on the regular port numbers + 1000.

Data is stored in the system user's configuration directory under
"mox-localserve", e.g. $HOME/.config/mox-localserve/ on linux, but can be
overridden with the -dir flag. If the directory does not yet exist, it is
automatically initialized with configuration files, an account with email
address mox@localhost and password moxmoxmox, and a newly generated self-signed
TLS certificate.

Incoming messages are delivered as normal, falling back to accepting and
delivering to the mox account for unknown addresses.
Submitted messages are added to the queue, which delivers by ignoring the
destination servers, always connecting to itself instead.

Recipient addresses with the following localpart suffixes are handled specially:

- "temperror": fail with a temporary error code
- "permerror": fail with a permanent error code
- [45][0-9][0-9]: fail with the specific error code
- "timeout": no response (for an hour)

If the localpart begins with "mailfrom" or "rcptto", the error is returned
during those commands instead of during "data".
`
	golog.SetFlags(0)

	userConfDir, _ := os.UserConfigDir()
	if userConfDir == "" {
		userConfDir = "."
	}
	// If we are being run to gather help output, show a placeholder directory
	// instead of evaluating to the actual userconfigdir on the host os.
	if c._gather {
		userConfDir = "$userconfigdir"
	}

	var dir, ip string
	var initOnly bool
	c.flag.StringVar(&dir, "dir", filepath.Join(userConfDir, "mox-localserve"), "configuration storage directory")
	c.flag.StringVar(&ip, "ip", "", "serve on this ip instead of default 127.0.0.1 and ::1. only used when writing configuration, at first launch.")
	c.flag.BoolVar(&initOnly, "initonly", false, "write configuration files and exit")
	args := c.Parse()
	if len(args) != 0 {
		c.Usage()
	}

	log := c.log
	mox.FilesImmediate = true

	if initOnly {
		if _, err := os.Stat(dir); err == nil {
			log.Print("warning: directory for configuration files already exists, continuing")
		}
		log.Print("creating mox localserve config", slog.String("dir", dir))
		err := writeLocalConfig(log, dir, ip)
		if err != nil {
			log.Fatalx("creating mox localserve config", err, slog.String("dir", dir))
		}
		return
	}

	// Load config, creating a new one if needed.
	var existingConfig bool
	if _, err := os.Stat(dir); err != nil && os.IsNotExist(err) {
		err := writeLocalConfig(log, dir, ip)
		if err != nil {
			log.Fatalx("creating mox localserve config", err, slog.String("dir", dir))
		}
	} else if err != nil {
		log.Fatalx("stat config dir", err, slog.String("dir", dir))
	} else if err := localLoadConfig(log, dir); err != nil {
		log.Fatalx("loading mox localserve config (hint: when creating a new config with -dir, the directory must not yet exist)", err, slog.String("dir", dir))
	} else if ip != "" {
		log.Fatal("can only use -ip when writing a new config file")
	} else {
		existingConfig = true
	}

	// For new configs, we keep the "info" loglevel set by writeLocalConfig until after
	// initializing database files, to prevent lots of schema upgrade logging.
	fallbackLevel := mox.Conf.Static.LogLevel
	if fallbackLevel == "" {
		fallbackLevel = "debug"
	}
	if existingConfig {
		loadLoglevel(log, fallbackLevel)
	}

	// Initialize receivedid.
	recvidbuf, err := os.ReadFile(filepath.Join(dir, "receivedid.key"))
	if err == nil && len(recvidbuf) != 16+8 {
		err = fmt.Errorf("bad length %d, need 16+8", len(recvidbuf))
	}
	if err != nil {
		log.Errorx("reading receivedid.key", err)
		recvidbuf = make([]byte, 16+8)
		_, err := cryptorand.Read(recvidbuf)
		if err != nil {
			log.Fatalx("read random recvid key", err)
		}
	}
	if err := mox.ReceivedIDInit(recvidbuf[:16], recvidbuf[16:]); err != nil {
		log.Fatalx("init receivedid", err)
	}

	// Make smtp server accept all email and deliver to account "mox".
	smtpserver.Localserve = true
	// Tell queue it shouldn't be queuing/delivering.
	queue.Localserve = true
	// Tell DKIM not to fail signatures for TLD localhost.
	dkim.Localserve = true

	const mtastsdbRefresher = false
	const sendDMARCReports = false
	const sendTLSReports = false
	const skipForkExec = true
	if err := start(mtastsdbRefresher, sendDMARCReports, sendTLSReports, skipForkExec); err != nil {
		log.Fatalx("starting mox", err)
	}

	loadLoglevel(log, fallbackLevel)

	golog.Printf("mox, version %s %s/%s", moxvar.Version, runtime.GOOS, runtime.GOARCH)
	golog.Print("")
	golog.Printf("the default user is mox@localhost, with password moxmoxmox")
	golog.Printf("the default admin password is moxadmin")
	golog.Printf("port numbers are those common for the services + 1000")
	golog.Printf("tls uses generated self-signed certificate %s", filepath.Join(dir, "localhost.crt"))
	golog.Printf("all incoming email to any address is accepted (if checks pass), unless the recipient localpart ends with:")
	golog.Print("")
	golog.Printf(`- "temperror": fail with a temporary error code.`)
	golog.Printf(`- "permerror": fail with a permanent error code.`)
	golog.Printf(`- [45][0-9][0-9]: fail with the specific error code.`)
	golog.Printf(`- "timeout": no response (for an hour).`)
	golog.Print("")
	golog.Print(`if the localpart begins with "mailfrom" or "rcptto", the error is returned`)
	golog.Print(`during those commands instead of during "data".  if the localpart begins with`)
	golog.Print(`"queue", the submission is accepted but delivery from the queue will fail.`)
	golog.Print("")
	golog.Print(" smtp://localhost:1025                           - receive email")
	golog.Print("smtps://mox%40localhost:moxmoxmox@localhost:1465 - send email")
	golog.Print(" smtp://mox%40localhost:moxmoxmox@localhost:1587 - send email (without tls)")
	golog.Print("imaps://mox%40localhost:moxmoxmox@localhost:1993 - read email")
	golog.Print(" imap://mox%40localhost:moxmoxmox@localhost:1143 - read email (without tls)")
	golog.Print("https://localhost:1443/account/                  - account https (email mox@localhost, password moxmoxmox)")
	golog.Print(" http://localhost:1080/account/                  - account http (without tls)")
	golog.Print("https://localhost:1443/webmail/                  - webmail https (email mox@localhost, password moxmoxmox)")
	golog.Print(" http://localhost:1080/webmail/                  - webmail http (without tls)")
	golog.Print("https://localhost:1443/webapi/                   - webmail https (email mox@localhost, password moxmoxmox)")
	golog.Print(" http://localhost:1080/webapi/                   - webmail http (without tls)")
	golog.Print("https://localhost:1443/admin/                    - admin https (password moxadmin)")
	golog.Print(" http://localhost:1080/admin/                    - admin http (without tls)")
	golog.Print("")
	if existingConfig {
		golog.Printf("serving from existing config dir %s/", dir)
		golog.Printf("if urls above don't work, consider resetting by removing config dir")
	} else {
		golog.Printf("serving from newly created config dir %s/", dir)
	}

	ctlpath := mox.DataDirPath("ctl")
	_ = os.Remove(ctlpath)
	ctl, err := net.Listen("unix", ctlpath)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatalx("listen on ctl unix domain socket", err)
	}
	go func() {
		for {
			conn, err := ctl.Accept()
			if err != nil {
				log.Printx("accept for ctl", err)
				continue
			}
			cid := mox.Cid()
			ctx := context.WithValue(mox.Context, mlog.CidKey, cid)
			go servectl(ctx, log.WithCid(cid), conn, func() { shutdown(log) })
		}
	}()

	// Graceful shutdown.
	sigc := make(chan os.Signal, 1)
	signal.Notify(sigc, os.Interrupt, syscall.SIGTERM)
	sig := <-sigc
	log.Print("shutting down, waiting max 3s for existing connections", slog.Any("signal", sig))
	shutdown(log)
	if num, ok := sig.(syscall.Signal); ok {
		os.Exit(int(num))
	} else {
		os.Exit(1)
	}
}

func writeLocalConfig(log mlog.Log, dir, ip string) (rerr error) {
	defer func() {
		x := recover()
		if x != nil {
			if err, ok := x.(error); ok {
				rerr = err
			}
		}
		if rerr != nil {
			err := os.RemoveAll(dir)
			log.Check(err, "removing config directory", slog.String("dir", dir))
		}
	}()

	xcheck := func(err error, msg string) {
		if err != nil {
			panic(fmt.Errorf("%s: %s", msg, err))
		}
	}

	os.MkdirAll(dir, 0770)

	// Generate key and self-signed certificate for use with TLS.
	privKey, err := ecdsa.GenerateKey(elliptic.P256(), cryptorand.Reader)
	xcheck(err, "generating ecdsa key for self-signed certificate")
	privKeyDER, err := x509.MarshalPKCS8PrivateKey(privKey)
	xcheck(err, "marshal private key to pkcs8")
	privBlock := &pem.Block{
		Type: "PRIVATE KEY",
		Headers: map[string]string{
			"Note": "ECDSA key generated by mox localserve for self-signed certificate.",
		},
		Bytes: privKeyDER,
	}
	var privPEM bytes.Buffer
	err = pem.Encode(&privPEM, privBlock)
	xcheck(err, "pem-encoding private key")
	err = os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(dir, "localhost.key"), privPEM.Bytes(), 0660)
	xcheck(err, "writing private key for self-signed certificate")

	// Now the certificate.
	template := &x509.Certificate{
		SerialNumber: big.NewInt(time.Now().Unix()), // Required field.
		DNSNames:     []string{"localhost"},
		NotBefore:    time.Now().Add(-time.Hour),
		NotAfter:     time.Now().Add(4 * 365 * 24 * time.Hour),
		Issuer: pkix.Name{
			Organization: []string{"mox localserve"},
		},
		Subject: pkix.Name{
			Organization: []string{"mox localserve"},
			CommonName:   "localhost",
		},
	}
	certDER, err := x509.CreateCertificate(cryptorand.Reader, template, template, privKey.Public(), privKey)
	xcheck(err, "making self-signed certificate")

	pubBlock := &pem.Block{
		Type: "CERTIFICATE",
		// Comments (header) would cause failure to parse the certificate when we load the config.
		Bytes: certDER,
	}
	var crtPEM bytes.Buffer
	err = pem.Encode(&crtPEM, pubBlock)
	xcheck(err, "pem-encoding self-signed certificate")
	err = os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(dir, "localhost.crt"), crtPEM.Bytes(), 0660)
	xcheck(err, "writing self-signed certificate")

	// Write adminpasswd.
	adminpw := "moxadmin"
	adminpwhash, err := bcrypt.GenerateFromPassword([]byte(adminpw), bcrypt.DefaultCost)
	xcheck(err, "generating hash for admin password")
	err = os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(dir, "adminpasswd"), adminpwhash, 0660)
	xcheck(err, "writing adminpasswd file")

	// Write mox.conf.
	ips := []string{"127.0.0.1", "::1"}
	if ip != "" {
		ips = []string{ip}
	}

	local := config.Listener{
		IPs: ips,
		TLS: &config.TLS{
			KeyCerts: []config.KeyCert{
				{
					CertFile: "localhost.crt",
					KeyFile:  "localhost.key",
				},
			},
		},
	}
	local.SMTP.Enabled = true
	local.SMTP.Port = 1025
	local.Submission.Enabled = true
	local.Submission.Port = 1587
	local.Submission.NoRequireSTARTTLS = true
	local.Submissions.Enabled = true
	local.Submissions.Port = 1465
	local.IMAP.Enabled = true
	local.IMAP.Port = 1143
	local.IMAP.NoRequireSTARTTLS = true
	local.IMAPS.Enabled = true
	local.IMAPS.Port = 1993
	local.AccountHTTP.Enabled = true
	local.AccountHTTP.Port = 1080
	local.AccountHTTP.Path = "/account/"
	local.AccountHTTPS.Enabled = true
	local.AccountHTTPS.Port = 1443
	local.AccountHTTPS.Path = "/account/"
	local.WebmailHTTP.Enabled = true
	local.WebmailHTTP.Port = 1080
	local.WebmailHTTP.Path = "/webmail/"
	local.WebmailHTTPS.Enabled = true
	local.WebmailHTTPS.Port = 1443
	local.WebmailHTTPS.Path = "/webmail/"
	local.WebAPIHTTP.Enabled = true
	local.WebAPIHTTP.Port = 1080
	local.WebAPIHTTP.Path = "/webapi/"
	local.WebAPIHTTPS.Enabled = true
	local.WebAPIHTTPS.Port = 1443
	local.WebAPIHTTPS.Path = "/webapi/"
	local.AdminHTTP.Enabled = true
	local.AdminHTTP.Port = 1080
	local.AdminHTTPS.Enabled = true
	local.AdminHTTPS.Port = 1443
	local.MetricsHTTP.Enabled = true
	local.MetricsHTTP.Port = 1081
	local.WebserverHTTP.Enabled = true
	local.WebserverHTTP.Port = 1080
	local.WebserverHTTPS.Enabled = true
	local.WebserverHTTPS.Port = 1443

	uid := os.Getuid()
	if uid < 0 {
		uid = 1 // For windows.
	}
	static := config.Static{
		DataDir:           ".",
		LogLevel:          "traceauth",
		Hostname:          "localhost",
		User:              fmt.Sprintf("%d", uid),
		AdminPasswordFile: "adminpasswd",
		Pedantic:          true,
		Listeners: map[string]config.Listener{
			"local": local,
		},
	}
	tlsca := struct {
		AdditionalToSystem bool     `sconf:"optional"`
		CertFiles          []string `sconf:"optional"`
	}{true, []string{"localhost.crt"}}
	static.TLS.CA = &tlsca
	static.Postmaster.Account = "mox"
	static.Postmaster.Mailbox = "Inbox"

	var moxconfBuf bytes.Buffer
	err = sconf.WriteDocs(&moxconfBuf, static)
	xcheck(err, "making mox.conf")

	err = os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(dir, "mox.conf"), moxconfBuf.Bytes(), 0660)
	xcheck(err, "writing mox.conf")

	// Write domains.conf.
	acc := config.Account{
		KeepRetiredMessagePeriod: 72 * time.Hour,
		KeepRetiredWebhookPeriod: 72 * time.Hour,
		RejectsMailbox:           "Rejects",
		Destinations: map[string]config.Destination{
			"mox@localhost": {},
		},
		NoFirstTimeSenderDelay: true,
	}
	acc.AutomaticJunkFlags.Enabled = true
	acc.AutomaticJunkFlags.JunkMailboxRegexp = "^(junk|spam)"
	acc.AutomaticJunkFlags.NeutralMailboxRegexp = "^(inbox|neutral|postmaster|dmarc|tlsrpt|rejects)"
	acc.JunkFilter = &config.JunkFilter{
		Threshold: 0.95,
		Params: junk.Params{
			Onegrams:    true,
			MaxPower:    .01,
			TopWords:    10,
			IgnoreWords: .1,
			RareWords:   2,
		},
	}

	dkimKeyBuf, err := admin.MakeDKIMEd25519Key(dns.Domain{ASCII: "localserve"}, dns.Domain{ASCII: "localhost"})
	xcheck(err, "making dkim key")
	dkimKeyPath := "dkim.localserve.privatekey.pkcs8.pem"
	err = os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(dir, dkimKeyPath), dkimKeyBuf, 0660)
	xcheck(err, "writing dkim key file")

	dynamic := config.Dynamic{
		Domains: map[string]config.Domain{
			"localhost": {
				LocalpartCatchallSeparator: "+",
				DKIM: config.DKIM{
					Sign: []string{"localserve"},
					Selectors: map[string]config.Selector{
						"localserve": {
							Expiration:     "72h",
							PrivateKeyFile: dkimKeyPath,
						},
					},
				},
			},
		},
		Accounts: map[string]config.Account{
			"mox": acc,
		},
		WebHandlers: []config.WebHandler{
			{
				LogName:               "workdir",
				Domain:                "localhost",
				PathRegexp:            "^/workdir/",
				DontRedirectPlainHTTP: true,
				WebStatic: &config.WebStatic{
					StripPrefix: "/workdir/",
					Root:        ".",
					ListFiles:   true,
				},
			},
		},
	}
	var domainsconfBuf bytes.Buffer
	err = sconf.WriteDocs(&domainsconfBuf, dynamic)
	xcheck(err, "making domains.conf")

	err = os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(dir, "domains.conf"), domainsconfBuf.Bytes(), 0660)
	xcheck(err, "writing domains.conf")

	// Write receivedid.key.
	recvidbuf := make([]byte, 16+8)
	_, err = cryptorand.Read(recvidbuf)
	xcheck(err, "reading random recvid data")
	err = os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(dir, "receivedid.key"), recvidbuf, 0660)
	xcheck(err, "writing receivedid.key")

	// Load config, so we can access the account.
	err = localLoadConfig(log, dir)
	xcheck(err, "loading config")

	// Info so we don't log lots about initializing database.
	loadLoglevel(log, "info")

	// Set password on account.
	a, _, err := store.OpenEmail(log, "mox@localhost")
	xcheck(err, "opening account to set password")
	password := "moxmoxmox"
	err = a.SetPassword(log, password)
	xcheck(err, "setting password")
	err = a.Close()
	xcheck(err, "closing account")

	golog.Printf("config created in %s", dir)
	return nil
}

func loadLoglevel(log mlog.Log, fallback string) {
	ll := loglevel
	if ll == "" {
		ll = fallback
	}
	if level, ok := mlog.Levels[ll]; ok {
		mox.Conf.Log[""] = level
		mlog.SetConfig(mox.Conf.Log)
	} else {
		log.Fatal("unknown loglevel", slog.String("loglevel", loglevel))
	}
}

func localLoadConfig(log mlog.Log, dir string) error {
	mox.ConfigStaticPath = filepath.Join(dir, "mox.conf")
	mox.ConfigDynamicPath = filepath.Join(dir, "domains.conf")
	errs := mox.LoadConfig(context.Background(), log, true, false)
	if len(errs) > 1 {
		log.Error("loading config generated config file: multiple errors")
		for _, err := range errs {
			log.Errorx("config error", err)
		}
		return fmt.Errorf("stopping after multiple config errors")
	} else if len(errs) == 1 {
		return fmt.Errorf("loading config file: %v", errs[0])
	}
	return nil
}