4.0 remote sensing.ipynb

{
 "cells": [
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# Things to cover\n",
    "\n",
    "1. Normalized difference vegetation index (measure plant health)\n",
    "2. Landcover classification using random forest"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## NDVI"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Importing the shapes of all the myanmar regions \n",
    "* Note: you need to upload the resources before you attempt to import it*"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "```\n",
    "var myanmar_shape = ee.FeatureCollection(\"users/oasisagano/mmr_polbnda2_adm1_250k_mimu\");\n",
    "```"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### The program to calculate the NDVI"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "```\n",
    "print(myanmar_shape)\n",
    "//Map.addLayer(myanmar_shape, {}, 'myanmar_shape_layer')\n",
    "\n",
    "// attempt to access one region only\n",
    "var single_region = myanmar_shape.filterMetadata('NAME_M3', 'equals', 'ရန်ကုန်တိုင်းဒေသကြီး');\n",
    "print(single_region);\n",
    "Map.addLayer(single_region, {}, 'yangon_shape_layer')\n",
    "\n",
    "// load all Landsat 8 SR image within polygon boundary for the last 2 years\n",
    "var l8collection = ee.ImageCollection('LANDSAT/LC08/C01/T1_SR')\n",
    "          .filterBounds(single_region)\n",
    "          .filterDate('2018-01-01', '2020-01-01');\n",
    "print(l8collection);\n",
    "// Mask pixels with clouds and cloud shadows ---------------------------------------------------\n",
    "\n",
    "// Surface reflectance products come with a 'pixel_qa' band\n",
    "// that is based on the cfmask. Read more here:\n",
    "// https://www.usgs.gov/land-resources/nli/landsat/landsat-surface-reflectance-quality-assessment?qt-science_support_page_related_con=0#qt-science_support_page_related_con\n",
    "\n",
    "// create function to mask clouds, cloud shadows, snow\n",
    "var maskClouds = function(image){\n",
    "  // make a new single band image from the pixel qa band\n",
    "  var pixel_qa = image.select('pixel_qa');\n",
    "  // keep clear (0) and water (1) pixels\n",
    "  return image.updateMask(pixel_qa.eq(322));   \n",
    "};\n",
    "\n",
    "// use \"map\" to apply the function to each image in the collection\n",
    "var l8masked = l8collection.map(maskClouds);\n",
    "\n",
    "// visualize the first image in the collection, pre- and post- mask\n",
    "var visParams = {bands: ['B4','B3','B2'], min: 150, max: 2000}\n",
    "\n",
    "Map.addLayer(ee.Image(l8masked.first()), visParams, 'clouds masked', false)\n",
    "Map.addLayer(ee.Image(l8collection.first()), visParams, 'original', false)\n",
    "\n",
    "// create function to add NDVI using NIR (B5) and the red band (B4) ---------------------------\n",
    "var getNDVI = function(img){\n",
    "  return img.addBands(img.normalizedDifference(['B5','B4']).rename('NDVI'));\n",
    "};\n",
    "\n",
    "// extra example: an equivalent function using straight band math\n",
    "var getNDVI2 = function(img){\n",
    "  return img.addBands(img.select('B5').subtract(img.select('B4'))\n",
    "            .divide(img.select('B5').add(img.select('B3'))));\n",
    "};\n",
    "\n",
    "// map over image collection\n",
    "var l8ndvi = l8masked.map(getNDVI);\n",
    "\n",
    "// print one image to see the band is now there\n",
    "print(ee.Image(l8ndvi.first()));\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "// for each pixel, select the \"best\" set of bands from available images\n",
    "// based on the maximum NDVI/greenness\n",
    "var composite = l8ndvi.qualityMosaic('NDVI').clip(single_region);\n",
    "print(composite);\n",
    "\n",
    "// Visualize NDVI\n",
    "var ndviPalette = ['FFFFFF', 'CE7E45', 'DF923D', 'F1B555', 'FCD163', '99B718',\n",
    "               '74A901', '66A000', '529400', '3E8601', '207401', '056201',\n",
    "               '004C00', '023B01', '012E01', '011D01', '011301'];\n",
    "Map.addLayer(composite.select('NDVI'),\n",
    "            {min:0, max: 1, palette: ndviPalette}, 'ndvi');\n",
    "            \n",
    "// Visualize true color composite\n",
    "Map.addLayer(composite, {bands: ['B4', 'B3', 'B2'], min: 0, max: 2000}, 'true color composite', false);\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "// chart the annual time series of mean NDVI for the single region -------------------------------\n",
    "\n",
    "// from our Landsat 8 computed NDVI\n",
    "var chart = ui.Chart.image.series({\n",
    "    imageCollection: l8ndvi.select('NDVI'),\n",
    "    region: single_region,\n",
    "    reducer: ee.Reducer.mean(),\n",
    "    scale: 250,\n",
    "})\n",
    "print(chart)\n",
    "\n",
    "// You can also compare to the MODIS 16 day product\n",
    "\n",
    "// add satellite time series: MODIS NDVI 250m 16 day product\n",
    "var modis = ee.ImageCollection('MODIS/006/MOD13Q1')\n",
    "          .filterBounds(single_region)\n",
    "          .filterDate('2018-01-01', '2020-01-01')\n",
    "          .select('NDVI');\n",
    "\n",
    "// Chart annual time series of mean NDVI in the single region ---------------------\n",
    "// from the smoothed MODIS 16 day product\n",
    "var chart = ui.Chart.image.series({\n",
    "    imageCollection: modis,\n",
    "    region: single_region,\n",
    "    reducer: ee.Reducer.mean(),\n",
    "    scale: 250\n",
    "})\n",
    "print(chart)\n",
    "\n",
    "var ndvi = composite.select('NDVI');\n",
    "\n",
    "// Google Drive Export ----------------------------------------------------------\n",
    "// (note: need to hit 'Run' in the task tab in upper right panel)\n",
    "Export.image.toDrive({\n",
    "  image: ndvi,\n",
    "  description: 'yangon_NDVI_image',\n",
    "  scale: 30,\n",
    "  region: single_region.geometry().bounds(), // .geometry().bounds() needed for multipolygon\n",
    "  crs: 'EPSG:24306',\n",
    "  folder: 'myanmar_worshop',\n",
    "  maxPixels: 2000000000\n",
    "});\n",
    "\n",
    "// Asset Folder Export Example\n",
    "// (note: need to hit 'Run' in the task tab in upper right panel)\n",
    "Export.image.toAsset({\n",
    "  image: ndvi,\n",
    "  description: 'YANGON_L8_NDVI_image',\n",
    "  assetId: 'users/oasisagano/yangon_L8_NDVI_image',\n",
    "  scale: 30,\n",
    "  region: single_region.geometry().bounds(),\n",
    "  pyramidingPolicy: {'.default':'mean'}, // use {'.default':'sample'} for discrete data\n",
    "  maxPixels: 2000000000\n",
    "});\n",
    "\n",
    "```"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Landcover classification with RF"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### inputs to be used as the training dataset\n",
    "\n",
    "This said, I recommend we recreate a new training dataset in the class seminar if we have enough time, to show the process."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "```\n",
    "var pyinoolwin = /* color: #d63000 */ee.Geometry.Point([96.47214485589916, 22.037649601847377]),\n",
    "    urban = /* color: #98ff00 */ee.FeatureCollection(\n",
    "        [ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.47145433488049, 22.03606254045713]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 0,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"0\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.47218389573254, 22.03584374870526]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 0,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"1\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.47375567021527, 22.03584374870526]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 0,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"2\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.47530598702588, 22.0348989622574]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 0,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"3\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.47261304917492, 22.03439673110512]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 0,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"4\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.47232337060132, 22.03483929132268]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 0,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"5\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.46791918339886, 22.03667913357482]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 0,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"6\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.46560175481, 22.036534930586306]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 0,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"7\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.47167410079953, 22.039783358249405]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 0,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"8\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.47135894124028, 22.03971250145676]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 0,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"9\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.47120471422193, 22.039762225525493]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 0,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"10\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.4718122345638, 22.03946263774689]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 0,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"11\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.47254045431134, 22.039606837752668]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 0,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"12\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.46871246822775, 22.040761337810043]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 0,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"13\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.46920331247748, 22.0406420008582]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 0,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"14\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.46894045599402, 22.040482884765876]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 0,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"15\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.46717824467123, 22.040844624998073]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 0,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"16\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.46697171457708, 22.04090180721818]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 0,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"17\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.46629311569632, 22.04060843732235]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 0,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"18\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.46430380307413, 22.039972751233943]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 0,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"19\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.46471686326242, 22.039433244957134]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 0,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"20\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.49357616371913, 22.02653273310566]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 0,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"21\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.49355967508245, 22.02607980643297]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 0,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"22\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.49476666913915, 22.025970402886205]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 0,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"23\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.49440188871313, 22.025836134781475]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 0,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"24\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.49495978818823, 22.025781432924536]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 0,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"25\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.49521191583563, 22.02575656843713]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 0,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"26\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.49552841649938, 22.026676551564023]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 0,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"27\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.49582882390905, 22.026577094216798]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 0,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"28\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.49557133184362, 22.02626877599652]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 0,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"29\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.4969676151486, 22.026437853813327]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 0,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"30\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.49706417467314, 22.02613948105923]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 0,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"31\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.4980297699185, 22.025766514232618]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 0,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"32\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.49883443262297, 22.025796351614883]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 0,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"33\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.50000050253584, 22.025627273032224]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 0,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"34\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.50045647806837, 22.0255228420421]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 0,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"35\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.50090172476484, 22.025552679475712]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 0,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"36\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.50132014937117, 22.02565711044384]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 0,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"37\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.501820389351, 22.025093666293145]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 0,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"38\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.5030836865376, 22.025957697934096]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 0,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"39\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.50371668786511, 22.02568418867288]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 0,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"40\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.5046911179752, 22.026596772706032]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 0,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"41\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.50604831573673, 22.027133841476658]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 0,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"42\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.5069320363823, 22.027511777538777]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 0,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"43\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.50665308664475, 22.027969277738162]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 0,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"44\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.50692130754624, 22.027790256097035]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 0,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"45\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.50669063757096, 22.027685826701855]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 0,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"46\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.50710369775925, 22.02835218437757]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 0,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"47\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.50629903505478, 22.028426776459554]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 0,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"48\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.5066638154808, 22.028561042108127]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 0,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"49\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.50342148278753, 22.028874449309523]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 0,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"50\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.50363069509069, 22.028934122758177]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 0,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"51\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.50388818715612, 22.029177789079185]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 0,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"52\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.5123212725099, 22.029339010506884]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 0,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"53\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.51275042595228, 22.02949813912535]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 0,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"54\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.51637125037166, 22.03069516955755]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 0,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"55\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.51694524310085, 22.030928887415918]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 0,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"56\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.51724028609249, 22.03030729651569]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 0,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"57\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.51118892668796, 22.02894973250216]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 0,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"58\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.51094752787662, 22.029009405919073]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 0,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"59\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.50758105787463, 22.029088970435858]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 0,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"60\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.50894898447223, 22.029715539443302]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 0,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"61\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.50961417230792, 22.02941717359506]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 0,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"62\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.50949079069323, 22.029834885606565]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 0,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"63\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.50704041132337, 22.029462395382474]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 0,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"64\"\n",
    "            })]),\n",
    "    water = /* color: #0b4a8b */ee.FeatureCollection(\n",
    "        [ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.32514461064648, 22.366007836736642]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 1,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"0\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.30818789320176, 22.408500070966358]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 1,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"1\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.3270706446666, 22.39485127485855]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 1,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"2\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.56066239619531, 21.8119696517595]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 1,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"3\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.58546761847356, 21.815834580062976]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 1,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"4\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.53208093024114, 21.80531593658238]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 1,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"5\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.50101022101262, 21.79200715178956]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 1,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"6\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.49534539557317, 21.809937859956438]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 1,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"7\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.49929738929973, 21.748240142537888]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 1,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"8\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.539750217397, 21.70100758965953]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 1,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"9\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.47070836839794, 21.672391996619865]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 1,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"10\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.50447857432073, 21.661170678423304]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 1,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"11\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.29930488268451, 21.136614779324653]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 1,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"12\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.30170814196185, 21.12204381990735]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 1,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"13\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.32279995228646, 21.08591087182287]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 1,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"14\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.99079963772681, 20.799743331554208]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 1,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"15\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.97578430998715, 20.810807380468013]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 1,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"16\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.91805622847687, 20.55399904224471]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 1,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"17\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.91479466231476, 20.521045080938837]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 1,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"18\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.91810719354362, 20.477865960605772]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 1,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"19\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([94.55523531367362, 21.978481576248754]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 1,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"20\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([94.56386129786551, 21.980630568242177]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 1,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"21\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([94.56570665766776, 21.97430288758412]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 1,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"22\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([94.56454794337333, 21.977407068052877]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 1,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"23\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([94.5727018587786, 21.980073425293625]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 1,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"24\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([94.57192938258231, 21.978123407753728]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 1,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"25\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([94.56098596980155, 21.955835591194678]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 1,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"26\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([94.54919184987091, 21.950034986058352]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 1,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"27\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([94.54790438954376, 21.948691580582828]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 1,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"28\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([94.5533868247702, 21.95168685983427]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 1,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"29\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([94.55335463826202, 21.950940533698027]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 1,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"30\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([94.55775346104645, 21.950044937162666]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 1,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"31\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([94.56082680159557, 21.952854288593414]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 1,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"32\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([94.55743543968788, 21.95868962977436]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 1,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"33\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([94.55794949803953, 21.961515543323053]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 1,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"34\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([94.56148417443524, 21.965776475472783]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 1,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"35\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([94.56468498286972, 21.967930914070234]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 1,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"36\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([94.56605827388535, 21.966935925430843]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 1,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"37\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([94.56702386913071, 21.96826920861993]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 1,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"38\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([94.56849371967087, 21.969612429027997]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 1,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"39\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([94.56465279636154, 21.970398455819353]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 1,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"40\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([94.55930983600388, 21.97009996514509]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 1,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"41\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([94.55934202251206, 21.968915945957654]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 1,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"42\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([94.55759322223435, 21.96799061316697]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 1,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"43\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([94.56973541946559, 21.964647425111234]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 1,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"44\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([94.57132827188207, 21.993926396849776]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 1,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"45\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([94.66943101092534, 22.04473804725384]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 1,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"46\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([94.6650107304688, 22.047403138057348]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 1,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"47\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([94.66355160876469, 22.044479490997087]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 1,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"48\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([94.66080502673344, 22.04262980553475]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 1,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"49\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([94.65807990237431, 22.041476226015774]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 1,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"50\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([94.65730742617802, 22.04052153240596]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 1,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"51\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([94.67191515811305, 22.04278433773312]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 1,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"52\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([94.67457590945583, 22.046881453464465]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 1,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"53\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([94.6762697870987, 22.052853066983943]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 1,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"54\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([94.67292239024812, 22.053559081545863]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 1,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"55\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.97909526311071, 22.044677036799854]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 1,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"56\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.98465910606774, 22.051405140120963]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 1,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"57\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.98672434770845, 22.05850592757466]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 1,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"58\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.98782214380606, 22.064286137882114]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 1,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"59\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.96495062515851, 21.995233051189437]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 1,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"60\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.90757231975772, 21.558762219981336]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 1,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"61\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.91830115581729, 21.54830462700439]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 1,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"62\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.91229300762393, 21.5273442870579]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 1,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"63\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.8929811027167, 21.563859443905663]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 1,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"64\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.87753157879092, 21.564737497218264]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 1,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"65\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([95.99282492357815, 22.325090215605776]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 1,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"66\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.000721346918, 22.28792741907478]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 1,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"67\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([95.99454153734769, 22.267277149918403]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 1,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"68\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.00827444750394, 22.17747133182018]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 1,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"69\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.00474642802214, 22.2234108805785]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 1,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"70\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([95.99178599406218, 22.203148429988538]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 1,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"71\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.03598879862761, 22.129225308572913]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 1,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"72\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.03440590499679, 22.090230856239792]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 1,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"73\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.03411222273633, 22.05759051652229]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 1,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"74\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.05284928830042, 22.005781926028256]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 1,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"75\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.0654890445254, 21.950105631521325]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 1,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"76\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.06913684878566, 21.94972748922942]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 1,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"77\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.06711982760646, 21.941856436582583]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 1,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"78\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.0642956709662, 21.93055852581415]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 1,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"79\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.06465895622273, 21.904436307907574]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 1,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"80\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.05985243766804, 21.904396490729283]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 1,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"81\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.06259901969929, 21.901410170649534]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 1,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"82\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.05875809638997, 21.894780316420402]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 1,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"83\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.05684836357136, 21.90218661989043]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 1,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"84\"\n",
    "            })]),\n",
    "    forest = /* color: #ffc82d */ee.FeatureCollection(\n",
    "        [ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.29252899548192, 22.028218053425004]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 2,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"0\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.33613098522801, 22.030127600160487]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 2,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"1\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.34728897472996, 22.04826700955199]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 2,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"2\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.3551853980698, 22.03490135433348]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 2,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"3\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.36462677380223, 22.05701764744081]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 2,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"4\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.38436783215184, 22.045243936110495]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 2,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"5\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.28840912243504, 21.998139296971498]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 2,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"6\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.43552292248387, 21.9994126012189]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 2,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"7\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.46561891751685, 21.993188238701077]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 2,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"8\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.48493082242408, 22.00249933719545]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 2,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"9\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.49398596005835, 21.994382003436925]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 2,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"10\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.48716242032447, 21.99625221465797]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 2,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"11\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.48707658963599, 21.98733864629328]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 2,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"12\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.62479182056222, 22.000115643523742]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 2,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"13\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.64470454028879, 22.014439457392108]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 2,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"14\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.72212382129464, 22.000115643523742]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 2,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"15\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.65406008533273, 22.000831868588218]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 2,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"16\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.61440630725656, 22.011654384718806]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 2,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"17\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.63517122037968, 22.031325816122777]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 2,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"18\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.63385958390131, 22.0718289117688]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 2,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"19\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.64441675858393, 22.070794882034818]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 2,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"20\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.62690729813471, 22.076362645120152]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 2,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"21\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.6719684095849, 22.076442183003167]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 2,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"22\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.6712817640771, 22.070874423052228]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 2,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"23\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.7056998701562, 22.08304367117144]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 2,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"24\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.72835917191401, 22.08248693107098]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 2,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"25\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.49102224296621, 22.070934589391605]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 2,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"26\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.47025944971426, 22.120398463195077]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 2,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"27\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.47403600000723, 22.11594565989858]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 2,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"28\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.41134807761387, 22.098934999461086]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 2,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"29\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.40675613578037, 22.097046263547046]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 2,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"30\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.40997478659824, 22.10084359112512]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 2,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"31\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.40591928656772, 22.09903440591418]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 2,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"32\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.41447824749616, 22.104508523926718]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 2,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"33\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.41591591152815, 22.108325530638453]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 2,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"34\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.41278309139875, 22.106138716512923]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 2,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"35\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.40220445904401, 22.10727188806487]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 2,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"36\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.38772561257156, 22.104995710536187]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 2,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"37\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.39422373192974, 22.090283298623856]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 2,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"38\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.390524109166, 22.08692762456873]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 2,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"39\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.38393991300177, 22.07266365519613]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 2,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"40\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.37830653247897, 22.067532683036042]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 2,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"41\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.35595114072476, 22.04787847078061]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 2,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"42\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.37462336238468, 22.049369323407554]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 2,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"43\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.37909145201138, 22.03284233723955]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 2,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"44\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.37887928631153, 22.028333804917274]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 2,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"45\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.34199799706664, 22.023643521380077]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 2,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"46\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.33415664289521, 22.020078516020313]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 2,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"47\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.33947814558076, 22.019004322939065]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 2,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"48\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.32782662962006, 22.01922314070878]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 2,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"49\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.32984365079926, 22.019302710723064]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 2,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"50\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.32538045499848, 22.018725827106998]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 2,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"51\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.32533753965424, 22.0169155908551]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 2,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"52\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.32164682004975, 22.018188726456376]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 2,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"53\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.3199087486081, 22.020058623629858]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 2,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"54\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.31821359251069, 22.018069370479726]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 2,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"55\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.31353098565273, 22.014635602225482]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 2,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"56\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.29537779503994, 22.006896954348125]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 2,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"57\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.29001337701015, 22.00898583409554]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 2,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"58\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.29222351723843, 22.005026883509625]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 2,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"59\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.28769594842129, 22.004410152611413]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 2,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"60\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.61928619720175, 21.987235594125316]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 2,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"61\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.61241974212362, 21.965904410283674]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 2,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"62\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.61276306487753, 21.969725156399964]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 2,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"63\"\n",
    "            }),\n",
    "        ee.Feature(\n",
    "            ee.Geometry.Point([96.63542236663534, 21.97577446087809]),\n",
    "            {\n",
    "              \"landcover\": 2,\n",
    "              \"system:index\": \"64\"\n",
    "            })]);\n",
    "```"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### The code to generate the classification and calculate the confusion matrix"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "```\n",
    "// water(1), forest(2), urban(0)\n",
    "\n",
    "// Load the Landsat 8 scaled radiance image collection.\n",
    "var landsatCollection = ee.ImageCollection('LANDSAT/LC08/C01/T1')\n",
    "    .filterDate('2018-01-01', '2020-01-01');\n",
    "\n",
    "// Make a cloud-free composite.\n",
    "var composite = ee.Algorithms.Landsat.simpleComposite({\n",
    "  collection: landsatCollection,\n",
    "  asFloat: true\n",
    "});\n",
    "\n",
    "// Visualize the Composite\n",
    "Map.addLayer(composite, {bands: ['B4', 'B3', 'B2'], max: 0.5, gamma: 2}, 'L8 Image', false);\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "// ------- We created the training data urban, water, forest as featurecollection ---------\n",
    "// Merge points together\n",
    "var newfc = water.merge(urban).merge(forest);\n",
    "print(newfc)\n",
    "\n",
    "// ---------------------------- Get different band values for the training locations ------------\n",
    "// Select the bands for training\n",
    "var bands = ['B2', 'B3', 'B4', 'B5', 'B6', 'B7'];\n",
    "\n",
    "// Sample the input imagery to get a FeatureCollection of training data.\n",
    "var training = composite.select(bands).sampleRegions({\n",
    "  collection: newfc,\n",
    "  properties: ['landcover'],\n",
    "  scale: 30\n",
    "});\n",
    "\n",
    "// ------------------------------------------ ML time --------------------------------------------\n",
    "// Make a Random Forest classifier and train it.\n",
    "var classifier = ee.Classifier.randomForest().train({\n",
    "  features: training,\n",
    "  classProperty: 'landcover',\n",
    "  inputProperties: bands\n",
    "});\n",
    "\n",
    "// --------------------------------------- Visualization ---------------------------------------\n",
    "// Classify the input imagery.\n",
    "var classified = composite.select(bands).classify(classifier);\n",
    "\n",
    "// Define a palette for the Land Use classification.\n",
    "var palette = [\n",
    "  'D3D3D3', // urban (0)  // grey\n",
    "  '0000FF', // water (1)  // blue\n",
    "  '008000' //  forest (2) // green\n",
    "];\n",
    "\n",
    "// Display the classification result and the input image.\n",
    "//Map.setCenter(-96.0171, 29.6803);\n",
    "Map.addLayer(classified, {min: 0, max: 2, palette: palette}, 'Land Use Classification');\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "// Get a confusion matrix representing resubstitution accuracy.\n",
    "print('RF error matrix: ', classifier.confusionMatrix());\n",
    "print('RF accuracy: ', classifier.confusionMatrix().accuracy());\n",
    "```"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  }
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