(function (Prism) {

	var templateString = Prism.languages.javascript['template-string'];

	// see the pattern in prism-javascript.js
	var templateLiteralPattern = templateString.pattern.source;
	var interpolationObject = templateString.inside['interpolation'];
	var interpolationPunctuationObject = interpolationObject.inside['interpolation-punctuation'];
	var interpolationPattern = interpolationObject.pattern.source;


	/**
	 * Creates a new pattern to match a template string with a special tag.
	 *
	 * This will return `undefined` if there is no grammar with the given language id.
	 *
	 * @param {string} language The language id of the embedded language. E.g. `markdown`.
	 * @param {string} tag The regex pattern to match the tag.
	 * @returns {object | undefined}
	 * @example
	 * createTemplate('css', /\bcss/.source);
	 */
	function createTemplate(language, tag) {
		if (!Prism.languages[language]) {
			return undefined;
		}

		return {
			pattern: RegExp('((?:' + tag + ')\\s*)' + templateLiteralPattern),
			lookbehind: true,
			greedy: true,
			inside: {
				'template-punctuation': {
					pattern: /^`|`$/,
					alias: 'string'
				},
				'embedded-code': {
					pattern: /[\s\S]+/,
					alias: language
				}
			}
		};
	}


	Prism.languages.javascript['template-string'] = [
		// styled-jsx:
		//   css`a { color: #25F; }`
		// styled-components:
		//   styled.h1`color: red;`
		createTemplate('css', /\b(?:styled(?:\([^)]*\))?(?:\s*\.\s*\w+(?:\([^)]*\))*)*|css(?:\s*\.\s*(?:global|resolve))?|createGlobalStyle|keyframes)/.source),

		// html`<p></p>`
		// div.innerHTML = `<p></p>`
		createTemplate('html', /\bhtml|\.\s*(?:inner|outer)HTML\s*\+?=/.source),

		// svg`<path fill="#fff" d="M55.37 ..."/>`
		createTemplate('svg', /\bsvg/.source),

		// md`# h1`, markdown`## h2`
		createTemplate('markdown', /\b(?:markdown|md)/.source),

		// gql`...`, graphql`...`, graphql.experimental`...`
		createTemplate('graphql', /\b(?:gql|graphql(?:\s*\.\s*experimental)?)/.source),

		// sql`...`
		createTemplate('sql', /\bsql/.source),

		// vanilla template string
		templateString
	].filter(Boolean);


	/**
	 * Returns a specific placeholder literal for the given language.
	 *
	 * @param {number} counter
	 * @param {string} language
	 * @returns {string}
	 */
	function getPlaceholder(counter, language) {
		return '___' + language.toUpperCase() + '_' + counter + '___';
	}

	/**
	 * Returns the tokens of `Prism.tokenize` but also runs the `before-tokenize` and `after-tokenize` hooks.
	 *
	 * @param {string} code
	 * @param {any} grammar
	 * @param {string} language
	 * @returns {(string|Token)[]}
	 */
	function tokenizeWithHooks(code, grammar, language) {
		var env = {
			code: code,
			grammar: grammar,
			language: language
		};
		Prism.hooks.run('before-tokenize', env);
		env.tokens = Prism.tokenize(env.code, env.grammar);
		Prism.hooks.run('after-tokenize', env);
		return env.tokens;
	}

	/**
	 * Returns the token of the given JavaScript interpolation expression.
	 *
	 * @param {string} expression The code of the expression. E.g. `"${42}"`
	 * @returns {Token}
	 */
	function tokenizeInterpolationExpression(expression) {
		var tempGrammar = {};
		tempGrammar['interpolation-punctuation'] = interpolationPunctuationObject;

		/** @type {Array} */
		var tokens = Prism.tokenize(expression, tempGrammar);
		if (tokens.length === 3) {
			/**
			 * The token array will look like this
			 * [
			 *     ["interpolation-punctuation", "${"]
			 *     "..." // JavaScript expression of the interpolation
			 *     ["interpolation-punctuation", "}"]
			 * ]
			 */

			var args = [1, 1];
			args.push.apply(args, tokenizeWithHooks(tokens[1], Prism.languages.javascript, 'javascript'));

			tokens.splice.apply(tokens, args);
		}

		return new Prism.Token('interpolation', tokens, interpolationObject.alias, expression);
	}

	/**
	 * Tokenizes the given code with support for JavaScript interpolation expressions mixed in.
	 *
	 * This function has 3 phases:
	 *
	 * 1. Replace all JavaScript interpolation expression with a placeholder.
	 *    The placeholder will have the syntax of a identify of the target language.
	 * 2. Tokenize the code with placeholders.
	 * 3. Tokenize the interpolation expressions and re-insert them into the tokenize code.
	 *    The insertion only works if a placeholder hasn't been "ripped apart" meaning that the placeholder has been
	 *    tokenized as two tokens by the grammar of the embedded language.
	 *
	 * @param {string} code
	 * @param {object} grammar
	 * @param {string} language
	 * @returns {Token}
	 */
	function tokenizeEmbedded(code, grammar, language) {
		// 1. First filter out all interpolations

		// because they might be escaped, we need a lookbehind, so we use Prism
		/** @type {(Token|string)[]} */
		var _tokens = Prism.tokenize(code, {
			'interpolation': {
				pattern: RegExp(interpolationPattern),
				lookbehind: true
			}
		});

		// replace all interpolations with a placeholder which is not in the code already
		var placeholderCounter = 0;
		/** @type {Object<string, string>} */
		var placeholderMap = {};
		var embeddedCode = _tokens.map(function (token) {
			if (typeof token === 'string') {
				return token;
			} else {
				var interpolationExpression = token.content;

				var placeholder;
				while (code.indexOf(placeholder = getPlaceholder(placeholderCounter++, language)) !== -1) { /* noop */ }
				placeholderMap[placeholder] = interpolationExpression;
				return placeholder;
			}
		}).join('');


		// 2. Tokenize the embedded code

		var embeddedTokens = tokenizeWithHooks(embeddedCode, grammar, language);


		// 3. Re-insert the interpolation

		var placeholders = Object.keys(placeholderMap);
		placeholderCounter = 0;

		/**
		 *
		 * @param {(Token|string)[]} tokens
		 * @returns {void}
		 */
		function walkTokens(tokens) {
			for (var i = 0; i < tokens.length; i++) {
				if (placeholderCounter >= placeholders.length) {
					return;
				}

				var token = tokens[i];

				if (typeof token === 'string' || typeof token.content === 'string') {
					var placeholder = placeholders[placeholderCounter];
					var s = typeof token === 'string' ? token : /** @type {string} */ (token.content);

					var index = s.indexOf(placeholder);
					if (index !== -1) {
						++placeholderCounter;

						var before = s.substring(0, index);
						var middle = tokenizeInterpolationExpression(placeholderMap[placeholder]);
						var after = s.substring(index + placeholder.length);

						var replacement = [];
						if (before) {
							replacement.push(before);
						}
						replacement.push(middle);
						if (after) {
							var afterTokens = [after];
							walkTokens(afterTokens);
							replacement.push.apply(replacement, afterTokens);
						}

						if (typeof token === 'string') {
							tokens.splice.apply(tokens, [i, 1].concat(replacement));
							i += replacement.length - 1;
						} else {
							token.content = replacement;
						}
					}
				} else {
					var content = token.content;
					if (Array.isArray(content)) {
						walkTokens(content);
					} else {
						walkTokens([content]);
					}
				}
			}
		}
		walkTokens(embeddedTokens);

		return new Prism.Token(language, embeddedTokens, 'language-' + language, code);
	}

	/**
	 * The languages for which JS templating will handle tagged template literals.
	 *
	 * JS templating isn't active for only JavaScript but also related languages like TypeScript, JSX, and TSX.
	 */
	var supportedLanguages = {
		'javascript': true,
		'js': true,
		'typescript': true,
		'ts': true,
		'jsx': true,
		'tsx': true,
	};
	Prism.hooks.add('after-tokenize', function (env) {
		if (!(env.language in supportedLanguages)) {
			return;
		}

		/**
		 * Finds and tokenizes all template strings with an embedded languages.
		 *
		 * @param {(Token | string)[]} tokens
		 * @returns {void}
		 */
		function findTemplateStrings(tokens) {
			for (var i = 0, l = tokens.length; i < l; i++) {
				var token = tokens[i];

				if (typeof token === 'string') {
					continue;
				}

				var content = token.content;
				if (!Array.isArray(content)) {
					if (typeof content !== 'string') {
						findTemplateStrings([content]);
					}
					continue;
				}

				if (token.type === 'template-string') {
					/**
					 * A JavaScript template-string token will look like this:
					 *
					 * ["template-string", [
					 *     ["template-punctuation", "`"],
					 *     (
					 *         An array of "string" and "interpolation" tokens. This is the simple string case.
					 *         or
					 *         ["embedded-code", "..."] This is the token containing the embedded code.
					 *                                  It also has an alias which is the language of the embedded code.
					 *     ),
					 *     ["template-punctuation", "`"]
					 * ]]
					 */

					var embedded = content[1];
					if (content.length === 3 && typeof embedded !== 'string' && embedded.type === 'embedded-code') {
						// get string content
						var code = stringContent(embedded);

						var alias = embedded.alias;
						var language = Array.isArray(alias) ? alias[0] : alias;

						var grammar = Prism.languages[language];
						if (!grammar) {
							// the embedded language isn't registered.
							continue;
						}

						content[1] = tokenizeEmbedded(code, grammar, language);
					}
				} else {
					findTemplateStrings(content);
				}
			}
		}

		findTemplateStrings(env.tokens);
	});


	/**
	 * Returns the string content of a token or token stream.
	 *
	 * @param {string | Token | (string | Token)[]} value
	 * @returns {string}
	 */
	function stringContent(value) {
		if (typeof value === 'string') {
			return value;
		} else if (Array.isArray(value)) {
			return value.map(stringContent).join('');
		} else {
			return stringContent(value.content);
		}
	}

}(Prism));