diff --git a/docs/sections/codesign/principles/photonic/design_for_testing.rst b/docs/sections/codesign/principles/photonic/design_for_testing.rst new file mode 100644 index 00000000..9826d2fa --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/sections/codesign/principles/photonic/design_for_testing.rst @@ -0,0 +1,23 @@ +Design for Microwave/RF Testing +------------------------------------ + +When designing a radio-frequency circuit, it is important to consider how to test it. This is particularly important in terms of characterising electronics in relation to multiple photonics loads, and for operation at different frequencies. + +Let's review the principles of how to do this. Read further in *On-wafer microwave measurements and de-embedding* by Errikos Lourandakis. + +Your specific testing setup will depend on the tools that you have available, and you need to make sure that you are operating it properly. Make sure to follow all calibration procedures accordingly too. + +Some common tools for RF/Microwave device characterisations are: + +- A vector network analyser for frequency domain spectrum measurements +- A radio-frequency bandwidth oscilloscope for time-domain response analysis +- A radio-frequency bandwidth pulse generator for specific pulse response analysis + +You might also be using testing components such as: + +- Coaxial cables +- On-wafer probes +- Attenuators and splitters +- Terminators + +You can get similar information from several tools, but some are more suited for other for direct signal measurements rather than indirect time-to-frequency transformations. diff --git a/docs/sections/codesign/principles/photonic/signal_analysis.rst b/docs/sections/codesign/principles/photonic/signal_analysis.rst new file mode 100644 index 00000000..4e6f4d2d --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/sections/codesign/principles/photonic/signal_analysis.rst @@ -0,0 +1,25 @@ +Signal Analysis Basics +----------------------- + +It is important that we understand fundamental signal analysis principles of how we commonly speak of electromagnetic waves. + +Some references about this are *On-wafer microwave measurements and de-embedding* by Errikos Lourandakis. + +When we discuss radio-frequency and photonic signal testing and analysis, we commonly talk in terms of power ratio. + +.. math:: + + \begin{equation} + V(t) = V_0 e^{j \omega t} = V_0 [cos(\omega t) + j sin(\omega t)] + \end{equation} + +We commonly discuss our photonic circuit component loss in terms of how many :math:`dB` our optical signal is losing across a component. This is because, unlike low-frequency waves, the dynamics of energy transfer a bit more complicated in the radio-frequency regime. + +.. math:: + + \begin{equation} + \text{Power Ratio}(dB) = 10 log_{10} \left( \frac{P_2}{P_1} \right) + \end{equation} + + +We can put this in terms of an electrical voltage for a RF signal in relation to the impedance across the network component. diff --git a/requirements_dev.txt b/requirements_dev.txt index bf30c1b5..75913dd8 100644 --- a/requirements_dev.txt +++ b/requirements_dev.txt @@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ femwell==0.1.8 flake8 kfactory[git,ipy]==0.7.5 kweb==0.1.1 -gdsfactory==7.2.0 # Pinned for pydantic