diff --git a/go.mod b/go.mod
index 9861fd166d..392838992f 100644
--- a/go.mod
+++ b/go.mod
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ require (
 	github.com/xi2/xz v0.0.0-20171230120015-48954b6210f8
 	github.com/yusufpapurcu/wmi v1.2.4
 	github.com/zalando/go-keyring v0.2.6
-	golang.org/x/crypto v0.30.0
+	golang.org/x/crypto v0.31.0
 	golang.org/x/net v0.32.0
 	golang.org/x/sync v0.10.0
 	golang.org/x/sys v0.28.0
diff --git a/go.sum b/go.sum
index 60b0e74d15..1a76b71e49 100644
--- a/go.sum
+++ b/go.sum
@@ -457,8 +457,8 @@ golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20190308221718-c2843e01d9a2/go.mod h1:djNgcEr1/C05ACk
 golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20191011191535-87dc89f01550/go.mod h1:yigFU9vqHzYiE8UmvKecakEJjdnWj3jj499lnFckfCI=
 golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20200622213623-75b288015ac9/go.mod h1:LzIPMQfyMNhhGPhUkYOs5KpL4U8rLKemX1yGLhDgUto=
 golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20210921155107-089bfa567519/go.mod h1:GvvjBRRGRdwPK5ydBHafDWAxML/pGHZbMvKqRZ5+Abc=
-golang.org/x/crypto v0.30.0 h1:RwoQn3GkWiMkzlX562cLB7OxWvjH1L8xutO2WoJcRoY=
-golang.org/x/crypto v0.30.0/go.mod h1:kDsLvtWBEx7MV9tJOj9bnXsPbxwJQ6csT/x4KIN4Ssk=
+golang.org/x/crypto v0.31.0 h1:ihbySMvVjLAeSH1IbfcRTkD/iNscyz8rGzjF/E5hV6U=
+golang.org/x/crypto v0.31.0/go.mod h1:kDsLvtWBEx7MV9tJOj9bnXsPbxwJQ6csT/x4KIN4Ssk=
 golang.org/x/exp v0.0.0-20240719175910-8a7402abbf56 h1:2dVuKD2vS7b0QIHQbpyTISPd0LeHDbnYEryqj5Q1ug8=
 golang.org/x/exp v0.0.0-20240719175910-8a7402abbf56/go.mod h1:M4RDyNAINzryxdtnbRXRL/OHtkFuWGRjvuhBJpk2IlY=
 golang.org/x/lint v0.0.0-20200302205851-738671d3881b/go.mod h1:3xt1FjdF8hUf6vQPIChWIBhFzV8gjjsPE/fR3IyQdNY=
diff --git a/vendor/golang.org/x/crypto/ssh/server.go b/vendor/golang.org/x/crypto/ssh/server.go
index c0d1c29e6f..5b5ccd96f4 100644
--- a/vendor/golang.org/x/crypto/ssh/server.go
+++ b/vendor/golang.org/x/crypto/ssh/server.go
@@ -149,7 +149,7 @@ func (s *ServerConfig) AddHostKey(key Signer) {
 }
 
 // cachedPubKey contains the results of querying whether a public key is
-// acceptable for a user.
+// acceptable for a user. This is a FIFO cache.
 type cachedPubKey struct {
 	user       string
 	pubKeyData []byte
@@ -157,7 +157,13 @@ type cachedPubKey struct {
 	perms      *Permissions
 }
 
-const maxCachedPubKeys = 16
+// maxCachedPubKeys is the number of cache entries we store.
+//
+// Due to consistent misuse of the PublicKeyCallback API, we have reduced this
+// to 1, such that the only key in the cache is the most recently seen one. This
+// forces the behavior that the last call to PublicKeyCallback will always be
+// with the key that is used for authentication.
+const maxCachedPubKeys = 1
 
 // pubKeyCache caches tests for public keys.  Since SSH clients
 // will query whether a public key is acceptable before attempting to
@@ -179,9 +185,10 @@ func (c *pubKeyCache) get(user string, pubKeyData []byte) (cachedPubKey, bool) {
 
 // add adds the given tuple to the cache.
 func (c *pubKeyCache) add(candidate cachedPubKey) {
-	if len(c.keys) < maxCachedPubKeys {
-		c.keys = append(c.keys, candidate)
+	if len(c.keys) >= maxCachedPubKeys {
+		c.keys = c.keys[1:]
 	}
+	c.keys = append(c.keys, candidate)
 }
 
 // ServerConn is an authenticated SSH connection, as seen from the
diff --git a/vendor/modules.txt b/vendor/modules.txt
index a9dd9054df..c205893059 100644
--- a/vendor/modules.txt
+++ b/vendor/modules.txt
@@ -809,7 +809,7 @@ go.mozilla.org/pkcs7
 # go.uber.org/multierr v1.11.0
 ## explicit; go 1.19
 go.uber.org/multierr
-# golang.org/x/crypto v0.30.0
+# golang.org/x/crypto v0.31.0
 ## explicit; go 1.20
 golang.org/x/crypto/argon2
 golang.org/x/crypto/bcrypt