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Video Playback and Recording

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Roger Hu edited this page May 25, 2016 · 22 revisions

Overview

In Android apps, there are often cases where we need to play video files. Checking the Supported Media Formats we can see that several video formats (H.264, MPEG-4) are playable by default.

In this guide we will take a look at how to play video content using the VideoView and capture video with the MediaRecorder.

Video Playback

Playing Local Video

Playing local video in a supported format can be done using the VideoView. First, setup the VideoView in your layout:

<VideoView
    android:id="@+id/video_view"
    android:layout_width="320px"
    android:layout_height="240px" />

Next, we can store local files such as small_video.mp4 in res/raw/small_video.mp4 and than play the video in the view with:

VideoView mVideoView = (VideoView) findViewById(R.id.video_view);
mVideoView.setVideoURI(Uri.parse("android.resource://" + getPackageName() +"/"+R.raw.small_video));
mVideoView.setMediaController(new MediaController(this));
mVideoView.requestFocus();
mVideoView.start();

See this tutorial for playing a video full-screen with a VideoView. See this other edumobile tutorial for a more detailed look at using VideoView.

Playing Streaming Video

To play back remote video in a supported format, we can still use the VideoView. First, setup the correct permissions in the Android Manifest.xml:

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />

Now, we can play remote video with:

final VideoView mVideoView = (VideoView) findViewById(R.id.video_view);
mVideoView.setVideoPath("http://techslides.com/demos/sample-videos/small.mp4");
MediaController mediaController = new MediaController(this);
mediaController.setAnchorView(mVideoView);
mVideoView.setMediaController(mediaController);
mVideoView.requestFocus();
mVideoView.setOnPreparedListener(new OnPreparedListener() {
    // Close the progress bar and play the video
    public void onPrepared(MediaPlayer mp) {
        mVideoView.start();
    }
});

You can see a more complete example of remote streaming with this androidbegin tutorial.

VideoView Controls

We can remove the VideoView media controls with:

mVideoView.setMediaController(null)

We can hide or show the media UI controls at runtime with:

// Get instance to media controller
MediaController controller = new MediaController(this);
videoHolder.setMediaController(controller);
// Hide the controller
controller.setVisibility(View.GONE);
// Show the controller 
controller.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);

VideoView Limitations and Improved Libraries

VideoView should not be embedded in a ListView or any scrolling view due to a known bug with Android. Instead of using a VideoView which extends SurfaceView, in order to enable scrolling we need to use a TextureView instead. The easiest workaround is to use a library such as fenster, Android-ScalableVideoView or VideoPlayerManager.

You can read about how fenster was developed as well.

Streaming from YouTube

In the past, the YouTube API provided a 3gp link that you could use with VideoView to play. However, to play YouTube videos on Android, you now have to use the [YouTube Android Player API] (https://developers.google.com/youtube/android/player/).

In order to use this API, you will need to have Google Play installed because the YouTube API interacts with a service that is distributed with the YouTube app. Either use a device to test or make sure you have followed this emulator setup guide to install Google Play services. Otherwise, you are likely to see "An error has occurred while initializing the YouTube player."

To start, you will need to create an API key through https://console.developers.google.com/. Make sure to enable the YouTube Data API v3. Go to the Credentials section and generate an API key.

Next, add the YouTubeAndroidPlayerApi.jar file to your libs dir. It is included in the sample code but this link provides a quick way to download it.

Instead of the VideoView, you should add YouTubePlayerView:

<com.google.android.youtube.player.YouTubePlayerView
    android:id="@+id/player"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"/>

If you intend for your Activity, you will need to extend YouTubeBaseActivity. One current drawback is that this library does not inherit from AppCompatActivity so some of your styles may not match those that are defined in styles.xml.

public class QuickPlayActivity extends YouTubeBaseActivity {

You then should initialize the YouTube Player by calling initialize() with your API key on the YouTubePlayerView:

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_quick_play);

        YouTubePlayerView youTubePlayerView = findViewById(R.id.player);

        youTubePlayerView.initialize("YOUR API KEY",
                new YouTubePlayer.OnInitializedListener() {
                    @Override
                    public void onInitializationSuccess(YouTubePlayer.Provider provider,
                            YouTubePlayer youTubePlayer, boolean b) {

                        // do any work here to cue video, play video, etc.    
                        youTubePlayer.cueVideo("5xVh-7ywKpE");
                    }
                    @Override
                    public void onInitializationFailure(YouTubePlayer.Provider provider,
                            YouTubeInitializationResult youTubeInitializationResult) {

                    }
        });
}

Playing videos involves passing along the YouTube video key (do not include the full URL):

youTubePlayer.loadVideo("5xVh-7ywKpE");

If you wish to only load the video but not play, use cueVideo() instead of loadVideo().

If you wish to force the video to landscape mode, you can also add the screenOrientation flag inside your Activity in the AndroidManifest.xml file:

<activity
  android:name=".QuickPlayActivity"
  android:screenOrientation="landscape">
</activity>

Capturing Video

Using Intents

Capturing video can be done using intents to capture video using the camera. First, let's setup the necessary permissions in AndroidManifest.xml (Note: The permissions model has changed starting in Marshmallow. If your targetSdkVersion >= 23 and you are running on a Marshmallow (or later) device, you may need to enable runtime permissions. You should also read more about the runtime permissions changes):

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />

Next, we can trigger recording video by starting an intent triggering a video capture action:

private static final int VIDEO_CAPTURE = 101;
Uri videoUri;
public void startRecordingVideo() {
    if (getPackageManager().hasSystemFeature(PackageManager.FEATURE_CAMERA_FRONT)) {
        Intent intent = new Intent(MediaStore.ACTION_VIDEO_CAPTURE);
        File mediaFile = new File(
           Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getAbsolutePath() + "/myvideo.mp4");
        videoUri = Uri.fromFile(mediaFile);
        intent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, videoUri);
        startActivityForResult(intent, VIDEO_CAPTURE);
    } else {
        Toast.makeText(this, "No camera on device", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
    }
}

and then we need to manage the onActivityResult for when the video has been captured:

protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
    if (requestCode == VIDEO_CAPTURE) {
        if (resultCode == RESULT_OK) {
            Toast.makeText(this, "Video has been saved to:\n" + data.getData(), Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
            playbackRecordedVideo();
        } else if (resultCode == RESULT_CANCELED) {
            Toast.makeText(this, "Video recording cancelled.",  Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
        } else {
            Toast.makeText(this, "Failed to record video",  Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
        }
    }
}

public void playbackRecordedVideo() {
    VideoView mVideoView = (VideoView) findViewById(R.id.video_view);
    mVideoView.setVideoURI(videoUri);
    mVideoView.setMediaController(new MediaController(this));
    mVideoView.requestFocus();
    mVideoView.start();
}

For a more detailed look, check out the techtopia tutorial on video recording.

Using MediaRecorder

If we want to record video from within an app directly, we'll want to use the MediaRecorder. We can find good references for using the recorder in the following resources below:

For more advanced usage, see this video recording and processing guide.

Configuring Encoding

The MediaRecorder can be configured to select the encoding, quality and compression settings:

// Create MediaRecorder
recorder.setVideoSize(640, 480);
recorder.setVideoFrameRate(16); //might be auto-determined due to lighting
recorder.setVideoEncodingBitRate(3000000);
recorder.setVideoEncoder(MediaRecorder.VideoEncoder.H264);// MPEG_4_SP
recorder.setAudioEncoder(MediaRecorder.AudioEncoder.AMR_NB);

You can also configure using preset qualities with CamcorderProfile:

CamcorderProfile cpHigh = CamcorderProfile.get(CamcorderProfile.QUALITY_HIGH);
recorder.setProfile(cpHigh);

See the available options here. You can also review this stackoverflow post for more details.

References

Created by CodePath with much help from the community. Contributed content licensed under cc-wiki with attribution required. You are free to remix and reuse, as long as you attribute and use a similar license.

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