Bnd includes Gradle plugins for Gradle users to build Bnd projects in Bnd Workspace builds as well as in non-Bnd Workspace builds.
A typical Gradle build is a non-Bnd workspace build.
A Bnd Workspace build uses the information specified in the Bnd Workspace's cnf/build.bnd
file and each project's bnd.bnd
file to configure the Gradle projects and tasks.
The biz.aQute.bnd.gradle
jar contains the Bnd Gradle Plugins.
These plugins require Java 17 and
at least Gradle 7.3 for Java 17,
at least Gradle 7.5 for Java 18,
and at least Gradle 7.6 for Java 19.
This README represents the capabilities and features of the Bnd Gradle Plugins in the branch containing this README.
So for the master
branch, this will be the latest development SNAPSHOT build.
See the appropriate Git tag for the README for the Bnd Gradle Plugin version you are using.
Bnd offers Gradle support for building bundles in typical Gradle build environments.
There are two ways this support can be used.
You can apply the biz.aQute.bnd.builder
plugin to your project and/or you can use the new task types:
Bundle
Baseline
Resolve
Export
TestOSGi
Index
Bndrun
To make the Bnd Builder Gradle Plugin available to your build, use the following in settings.gradle
:
pluginManagement {
plugins {
id "biz.aQute.bnd.builder" version "7.2.0"
}
}
The Gradle marker plugins for the Bnd Gradle plugins are also in Maven Central.
So you may use Maven Central as a pluginManagement
repository.
To apply the biz.aQute.bnd.builder
plugin to your project, use the following in build.gradle
:
plugins {
id "biz.aQute.bnd.builder"
}
This plugin extends the normal java
plugin by:
- Extending the
jar
task by adding abundle
extension. Thejar
task actions are also extended to use Bnd to generate a bundle. The bundle will contain all the content configured into thejar
task plus whatever additional content is included via the Bnd instructions. Thebndfile
property of the task'sbundle
extension is set tofile("bnd.bnd")
if abnd.bnd
file exists in the project folder. - Adds a
baseline
configuration. - Adds a
baseline
task of typeBaseline
which baselines the bundle generated by thejar
task against the prior version of that bundle in the repositories.
If you don't want to apply the plugin to the project but just need to use the task types, you can access the types with:
plugins {
id "biz.aQute.bnd.builder" apply false
}
By default, the tasks of the Gradle Plugin for non-Bnd Workspace Builds use the Gradle Project object at task execution time to allow the Bnd instructions to resolve macro references such as ${project.group}
which evaluates to the value of the group
property of the Gradle Project object.
However, Gradle's Configuration Cache support requires that a Gradle Project object cannot be used at task execution time.
To prevent a task of the Gradle Plugin for non-Bnd Workspace Builds from using the Gradle Project object at task execution time, the task's properties
property must be set to some value.
This can be simply done by setting it empty.
For example:
tasks.named("jar") {
bundle {
properties.empty()
}
}
If you need to reference some project properties in the Bnd instructions and still use the Configuration Cache, then you will need to put the needed project properties in the task's properties
property.
For example:
tasks.named("jar") {
bundle {
properties.put("project.group", provider({project.group}))
}
}
This sets the project.group
key in the properties
property to the value of a provider which returns the value of the project's group
property. A provider is used for late binding of the value.
The Bundle
task type is an extension of the Jar
task type that adds a bundle
extension with properties and uses Bnd to generate a bundle.
The bundle will contain all the content configured into the task plus whatever additional content is included via the Bnd instructions.
For example:
import aQute.bnd.gradle.Bundle
tasks.register("bundle", Bundle) {
from sourceSets.main.output
}
In either usage mode, the following bundle
extension properties, in addition to the Jar
task properties, can be configured.
The bnd file to use to create the bundle.
If this property is not set or the bnd file does not exist, then the bnd
property will be used.
The Bnd instructions to use to create the bundle.
This property is ignored if the bndfile
property refers to a file that exists.
If the bndfile
property is not set or does not refer to a file that exists, or this property is not set, this is OK.
But without some instructions to Bnd, your bundle will not be very interesting.
The SourceSet object to use for the Bnd builder. The default value is ${project.sourceSets.main}. You will only need to specify this property if you want to use a different SourceSet or the default SourceSet does not exist.
The FileCollection object to use as the classpath for the Bnd builder. The default value is ${project.sourceSets.main.compileClasspath}. You will only need to specify this property if you want to specify additional classpath elements or replace the classpath.
Properties that are available for evaluation of the Bnd instructions. The default is the properties of the Gradle task and project objects.
import aQute.bnd.gradle.Bundle
configurations {
bundleCompile
}
sourceSets {
bundle
}
tasks.register("bundle", Bundle) {
from sourceSets.bundle.output
bundle {
bndfile = file("bundle.bnd")
sourceSet = sourceSets.bundle
classpath = sourceSets.bundle.compileClasspath
}
}
The normal way to instruct Bnd on how to build the bundle is to use a bnd file.
This file will specify the Bnd instructions like -exportcontents
, etc.
You can also use the bnd
property of the bundle
extension.
It can be used in several different ways.
You can configure the bnd
property with a multiline string:
jar {
bundle {
bnd '''
-exportcontents: com.acme.api.*
-sources: true
-include: other.bnd
'''
}
}
You can also configure the bnd
property with map notation:
jar {
bundle {
bnd("-exportcontents": "com.acme.api.*",
"-sources": "true",
"-include": "other.bnd")
}
}
Finally, you can also use the manifest
property to instruct Bnd.
For example:
jar {
manifest {
attributes("-exportcontents": "com.acme.api.*",
"-sources": "true",
"-include": "other.bnd")
}
}
You can even use a combination of the manifest
property and a bundle
extension property.
But the bundle
extension property takes priority over the manifest
property.
So if the same instruction is in both places, the one in the bundle
extension property will be used and the one in the manifest
property will be ignored.
In Gradle 5.0, the OSGi Plugin was deprecated.
If you used the OSGi Plugin and want to switch to the Bnd Gradle Plugin, you will need to modify your build scripts.
In addition to applying the biz.aQute.bnd.builder
plugin to replace the OSGi Plugin, you will need to change usage of the OSGiManifest
's instruction
property to use the bnd
property.
For example:
jar {
manifest { // the manifest of the default jar is of type OsgiManifest
name = "overwrittenSpecialOsgiName"
instruction "Bundle-Vendor", "MyCompany"
instruction "Bundle-Description", "Platform2: Metrics 2 Measures Framework"
instruction "Bundle-DocURL", "https://www.mycompany.com"
}
}
becomes:
jar {
bundle {
bnd("Bundle-Name": "overwrittenSpecialOsgiName",
"Bundle-Vendor": "MyCompany",
"Bundle-Description": "Platform2: Metrics 2 Measures Framework",
"Bundle-DocURL": "https://www.mycompany.com")
}
}
Use of the convenience properties on OSGiManifest
must be replaced with the specifying the actual OSGi manifest header name in the Bnd instructions.
For example, name = "overwrittenSpecialOsgiName"
is replaced with bnd "Bundle-Name: overwrittenSpecialOsgiName"
.
The Baseline
task type will baseline a bundle against a different version of the bundle.
For example:
import aQute.bnd.gradle.Baseline
configurations {
baseline
}
dependencies {
baseline("group": group, "name": jar.archiveBaseName) {
version {
strictly "(0,${jar.archiveVersion.get()}["
}
transitive = false
}
}
tasks.register("baseline", Baseline) {
bundle = jar
baseline = configurations.baseline
}
The following properties can be configured for a Baseline task:
If true
the build will not fail due to baseline problems; instead an error message will be logged.
Otherwise, the build will fail.
The default is false
.
The name of the baseline reports directory.
Can be a name or a path relative to the project's reporting.baseDirectory
.
The default name is baseline
.
The baseline reports directory. The default is ${project.reporting.baseDirectory.dir(baselineReportDirName)}.
The baseline report file. The default is ${baselineReportDirectory.file("${task.name}/${bundlename}.txt")}.
The bundle to be baselined.
It can be anything that ConfigurableFileCollection.files(Object...)
can accept to result in a single file.
Typically this will be the task that builds the bundle.
This property must be set.
The baseline bundle.
It can be anything that ConfigurableFileCollection.files(Object...)
can accept to result in a single file.
Typically this will be a configuration that contains the earlier version of the bundle to baseline against.
This property must be set.
The names of the exported packages in the bundle to baseline. The default is all the exported packages but this property can be used to specify which exported packages are baselined.
The manifest header names and resource paths to ignore when baseline comparing. This property can be used to exclude items from baseline comparison.
For example, to exclude bundle versions from baseline comparison, add Bundle-Version
to diffignore
.
The Resolve
task type will resolve a standalone bndrun file and set the -runbundles
property in the file.
For example:
import aQute.bnd.gradle.Resolve
def resolveTask = tasks.register("resolve", Resolve) {
bndrun = file("my.bndrun")
outputBndrun = layout.buildDirectory.file("my.bndrun")
}
The following properties can be configured for a Resolve task:
If true
the task will not fail due to resolution failures; instead an error message will be logged.
Otherwise, the task will fail.
The default is false
.
If true
the task will fail if the resolve process changes the value of the -runbundles
property.
The default is false
.
If true
the task will write changes to the value of the -runbundles
property.
The default is true
.
The bndrun file to be resolved. This property must be set.
This is the output file for the calculated -runbundles
property.
The default is the input bndrun
file which means the input bndrun
file will be updated in place.
If the output file is set to a different file than the input bndrun
file, the generated output file will -include
the input bndrun
file and can be thus be used by other tasks, such as TestOSGi
, as a resolved input bndrun
file.
The directory for the resolve process. The default is ${temporaryDir}.
The collection of files to use for locating bundles during the resolve process. The default is ${project.sourceSets.main.runtimeClasspath} plus ${project.configurations.archives.artifacts.files}. This property must not be used for and is ignored in Bnd Workspace builds.
If true
failure reports will include optional requirements.
The default is true
.
Properties that are available for evaluation of the Bnd instructions. The default is the properties of the Gradle task and project objects. This property must not be used for and is ignored in Bnd Workspace builds.
The Export
task type will export a standalone bndrun file.
For example:
import aQute.bnd.gradle.Export
tasks.register("export", Export) {
bndrun = file("my.bndrun")
}
The following properties can be configured for an Export task:
If true
the task will not fail due to export failures; instead an error message will be logged.
Otherwise, the task will fail.
The default is false
.
Bnd has two built-in exporter plugins.
bnd.executablejar
exports an executable jar and bnd.runbundles
exports the -runbundles
files.
The exporter plugin with the specified name must be an installed exporter plugin.
The default is bnd.executablejar
.
The bndrun file to be exported. This property must be set.
The directory for the output.
The directory for the export operation. The default is ${temporaryDir}.
The collection of files to use for locating bundles during the bndrun export. The default is ${project.sourceSets.main.runtimeClasspath} plus ${project.configurations.archives.artifacts.files}. This property must not be used for and is ignored in Bnd Workspace builds.
Properties that are available for evaluation of the Bnd instructions. The default is the properties of the Gradle task and project objects. This property must not be used for and is ignored in Bnd Workspace builds.
The TestOSGi
task type will execute tests in a standalone bndrun file.
This example uses the output bndrun file from the Resolve
task example above:
import aQute.bnd.gradle.TestOSGi
tasks.register("testOSGi", TestOSGi) {
bndrun = resolveTask.flatMap { it.outputBndrun }
}
The following properties can be configured for a TestOSGi task:
If true
the task will not fail due to test case failures; instead an error message will be logged.
Otherwise, the task will fail.
The default is false
.
The bndrun file to be tested. This property must be set.
The directory for the test execution. The default is ${temporaryDir}.
The collection of files to use for locating bundles during the bndrun execution. The default is ${project.sourceSets.main.runtimeClasspath} plus ${project.configurations.archives.artifacts.files}. This property must not be used for and is ignored in Bnd Workspace builds.
The list of fully qualified names of test classes to run.
If not set, or empty, then all the test classes listed in the Test-Classes
manifest header are run.
The --tests
command line option can be used to set the fully qualified name of a test class to run.
This can be repeated multiple times to specify multiple test classes to run.
Use a colon (:
) to specify a test method to run on the specified test class.
The directory for the test results. The default is ${project.java.testResultsDir}/${task.name}.
Specify the default java executable to be used for execution.
This java launcher is used if the bndrun does not specify the java
property or specifies it with the default value java
.
Properties that are available for evaluation of the Bnd instructions. The default is the properties of the Gradle task and project objects. This property must not be used for and is ignored in Bnd Workspace builds.
The Index
task type will generate an index for a set of bundles.
For example:
import aQute.bnd.gradle.Index
tasks.register("index", Index) {
destinationDirectory = layout.buildDirectory.dir("libs")
gzip = true
bundles = fileTree(destinationDirectory) {
include "**/*.jar"
exclude "**/*-sources.jar"
exclude "**/*-javadoc.jar"
builtBy tasks.withType(Jar)
}
}
The following properties can be configured for an Index task:
If true
, then a gzip'd copy of the index will be made with a .gz
extension.
Otherwise, only the uncompressed index will be made.
The default is false
.
The name of the index file.
The file is created in the destinationDirectory.
The default isindex.xml
.
The name attribute in the generated index. The default is the name of the task.
The destination directory for the index. The default value is ${project.layout.buildDirectory}.
The URI base for the generated index. The default value is the file: URI of destinationDirectory.
The bundles to be indexed.
It can be anything that ConfigurableFileCollection.files(Object...)
can accept.
This property must be set.
The output file for the uncompressed index. The default value is ${destinationDir}/${indexName}.
The output file for the compressed index. The default value is ${destinationDir}/${indexName}.gz.
The Bndrun
task type will execute a bndrun file.
For example:
import aQute.bnd.gradle.Bndrun
tasks.register("run", Bndrun) {
bndrun = file("my.bndrun")
}
The following properties can be configured for a Bndrun task:
If true
the task will not fail due to execution failures; instead an error message will be logged.
Otherwise, the task will fail.
The default is false
.
The bndrun file to be executed. This property must be set.
The directory for the execution. The default is ${temporaryDir}.
The collection of files to use for locating bundles during the bndrun execution. The default is ${project.sourceSets.main.runtimeClasspath} plus ${project.configurations.archives.artifacts.files}. This property must not be used for and is ignored in Bnd Workspace builds.
Specify the default java executable to be used for execution.
This java launcher is used if the bndrun does not specify the java
property or specifies it with the default value java
.
Properties that are available for evaluation of the Bnd instructions. The default is the properties of the Gradle task and project objects. This property must not be used for and is ignored in Bnd Workspace builds.
The Bnd Gradle Plugins for Bnd Workspace builds uses the information specified in the Bnd Workspace's cnf/build.bnd
file and each project's bnd.bnd
file to build the projects.
The Bnd Gradle Plugins for Bnd Workspace builds consists of two plugins:
- The
biz.aQute.bnd.workspace
Gradle plugin can be applied in thesettings.gradle
file or the Bnd Workspace folder'sbuild.gradle
file. - The
biz.aQute.bnd
Gradle plugin is applied to each subproject that is a Bnd project. Thebiz.aQute.bnd.workspace
Gradle plugin will automatically apply thebiz.aQute.bnd
Gradle plugin to the Gradle projects for all the identified Bnd Workspace projects.
A Bnd Workspace is a folder containing a cnf
project as well as a number of peer folders each holding a Bnd project.
So the Bnd Workspace folder is the main project of the Gradle build for the Bnd Workspace.
The following files are in the root project:
gradle.properties
- Some initial properties to configure the Gradle build for the workspace.settings.gradle
- Initializes the projects to be included in the Gradle build for the workspace.build.gradle
- Configures the Gradle build for the workspace.
When creating a new Bnd Workspace with Bndtools, it will put these files on the root folder of the workspace.
These files can be modified to customize the overall Gradle build for the Bnd Workspace.
If special Gradle build behavior for a project is needed, beyond changes to the project's bnd.bnd
file, then you should place a build.gradle
file in the project folder and place your customizations in there.
If you are using the Gradle build added by Bndtools when creating the the Bnd Workspace, you don't need to do anything else.
If you want to use the Bnd Gradle Plugins in your existing Gradle build, there are two approaches you can take.
The main approach is to edit settings.gradle
as follows:
plugins {
id "biz.aQute.bnd.workspace" version "7.2.0"
}
The Gradle marker plugins for the Bnd Gradle plugins are also in Maven Central.
So you may use Maven Central as a pluginManagement
repository.
When you apply the biz.aQute.bnd.workspace
Gradle plugin in the settings.gradle
file, the plugin will determine the Bnd project folders in the Bnd Workspace, include them in the Gradle build, and apply itself to the root project.
This will result in the biz.aQute.bnd
Gradle plugin being applied to each project which is a Bnd project.
With this approach, you don't even need a build.gradle
file for the root project.
But you can use a build.gradle
file in the root project to apply common configuration across all your Bnd projects:
subprojects {
if (plugins.hasPlugin("biz.aQute.bnd")) {
// additional configuration for Bnd projects
}
}
The second approach, for when you already have a settings.gradle
file which includes the desired projects and you don't want the set of projects to include to be computed, is to put the plugins
block in the root project's build.gradle
file:
plugins {
id "biz.aQute.bnd.workspace" version "7.2.0"
}
While this is the same as the previous settings.gradle
example, since it is the root project's build.gradle
file, it requires that your settings.gradle
file has already included the necessary projects in the Gradle build.
The plugin will apply the biz.aQute.bnd
Gradle plugin to each Gradle project which is a Bnd project.
In general, your Gradle scripts will not apply the biz.aQute.bnd
Gradle plugin directly to a project since this is handled by using the biz.aQute.bnd.workspace
Gradle plugin in the settings.gradle
file or the build.gradle
file in the root project.
The tasks of the Gradle Plugin for Bnd Workspace Builds use the Bnd Workspace model objects such as Workspace and Project at task execution time to perform Bnd operations. However, Gradle's Configuration Cache support requires that all objects used at task execution time must be serializable and the Bnd Workspace model objects are not serializable. So the Gradle Plugin for Bnd Workspace Builds cannot be used with Gradle's Configuration Cache.
The biz.aQute.bnd
Gradle Plugin extends the standard Gradle Java plugin.
It modifies some of the standard Java plugin tasks as necessary and also adds some additional tasks.
Running gradle tasks --all
in a project will provide a complete list of the tasks available within the project.
The dependencies for the project are configured from the path information specified in the bnd.bnd
file such as -buildpath
and -testpath
.
These paths are then used by various tasks such as compileJava
and compileTestJava
.
The jar
task uses Bnd to build the project's bundles.
The test
task runs any plain JUnit tests in the project.
The check
task runs all verification tasks in the project, including test
and testOSGi
.
The jarDependencies
task jars all projects the project depends on.
The buildDependencies
task assembles and tests all projects the project depends on.
The release
task releases the project's bundles to the -releaserepo
, if one is configured for the project.
The releaseDependencies
task releases all projects the project depends on.
The releaseNeeded
task releases the project and all projects it depends on.
The testOSGi
task runs any OSGi JUnit tests in the project's bnd.bnd
file by launching a framework and running the tests in the launched framework.
This means the bnd.bnd
file must have the necessary -runfw
and -runbundles
to support the test bundles built by the project.
The check
task depends on the testOSGi
task.
The checkDependencies
task runs the check
task on all projects the project depends on.
The checkNeeded
task runs the check
task on the project and all projects it depends on.
The cleanDependencies
task cleans all projects the project depends on.
The cleanNeeded
task cleans the project and all projects it depends on.
The export.
name tasks, one per bndrun file in the project, exports the name.bndrun
file to an executable jar.
The export
task will export all the bndrun files to executable jars.
The runbundles.
name tasks, one per bndrun file in the project, creates a distribution of the -runbundles of the name.bndrun
file.
The runbundles
task will create distributions of the runbundles for all the bndrun files.
The resolve.
name tasks, one per bndrun file in the project, resolves the name.bndrun
file and updates the -runbundles
instruction in the file.
The resolve
task resolves all the bndrun files and updates the -runbundles
instruction in each bndrun file.
The run.
name tasks, one per bndrun file in the project, runs the name.bndrun
file.
The testrun.
name tasks, one per bndrun file in the project, runs the OSGi JUnit tests in the name.bndrun
file.
The echo
task will display some help information on the dependencies, paths and configuration of the project.
The bndproperties
task will display the Bnd properties of the project.
If you do need to write a build.gradle
file for a Bnd project, there are some properties of the Bnd Gradle Plugins you will find useful.
- The
bndWorkspace
property of the project for the Bnd Workspace contains the Workspace object. - The
bnd.project
property of the project contains the Project object.
Bnd properties for a project can be accessed in several ways.
Given the example Bnd property name foo
, you can use the bnd
extension, bnd.get("foo", "defaultValue")
, or directly bnd.foo
.
To access Bnd properties without any macro processing you can use the unprocessed
function, bnd.unprocessed("foo", "defaultValue")
.
When you use the Gradle plugin for another JVM language like Groovy, Scala, or Kotlin with your Bnd Workspace build, the Bnd Gradle Plugin will configure the language's srcDirs
for the main
and test
source sets to use the Bnd source and test source folders.
If you want to try the latest development SNAPSHOT build of the Bnd Gradle Plugins, you will need to refer to the snapshot repository and select the latest version (+
) of the plugin.
For example, replace the pluginManagement
block (in settings.gradle
) with a buildscript
script block, to configure the repository and version of the plugin jar:
buildscript {
repositories {
maven {
url = uri("https://bndtools.jfrog.io/bndtools/libs-snapshot")
}
}
dependencies {
classpath "biz.aQute.bnd:biz.aQute.bnd.gradle:+"
}
}
Then replace the plugins
block to use the apply plugin:
syntax to apply the plugin.
For example:
apply plugin: "biz.aQute.bnd.workspace"
If you want to use the latest development SNAPSHOT version on a regular basis, you will need to also need to add the following to the buildscript
block to ensure Gradle checks more frequently for updates:
buildscript {
...
/* Since the files in the repository change with each build, we need to recheck for changes */
configurations.classpath {
resolutionStrategy {
cacheChangingModulesFor 30, "minutes"
cacheDynamicVersionsFor 30, "minutes"
}
}
dependencies {
components {
all { ComponentMetadataDetails details ->
details.changing = true
}
}
}
}
Remember, if you are using the Gradle daemon, you will need to stop it after making the change to use the development SNAPSHOT versions to ensure Gradle stops using the prior version of the plugin.
If you want to try the latest milestone or release candidate build of the Bnd Gradle Plugins, you will need to refer to the release repository, https://bndtools.jfrog.io/bndtools/libs-release
, and select the desired version of the plugin. This can be done as above for the SNAPSHOT builds or via the pluginManagement
section (in settings.gradle
). For example:
pluginManagement {
plugins {
id "biz.aQute.bnd.builder" version "6.0.0-M1"
}
repositories {
maven {
url = uri("https://bndtools.jfrog.io/bndtools/libs-release")
}
}
}
For full details on what the Bnd Gradle Plugins do, check out the source code.