mkusb-sedd

#! /bin/bash

#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#
## Copyright 2017-2020 Nio Wiklund
#
# GPLv3: GNU GPL version 3
# <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>.
#
# This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.
# There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.

# date        editor   comment
# 2016-02-26  sudodus  created from mk_mkdos in mkusb
# 2017-12-17  sudodus  converted to clone-to-pendrive
# 2017-12-17  sudodus  checking for mass storage devices as target
# 2017-12-18  sudodus  error output to help correct usage
# 2019-10-08  sudodus  creating persistence for Ubuntu 19.10 & Debian 10
# 2019-10-09  sudodus  seek last partition; grep ... 2> /dev/null
# 2019-10-10  sudodus  function prober and other tweaks with partprobe
# 2019-11-14  sudodus  'nopersistent' for fully non-persistent live drive
# 2019-12-14  sudodus  bugfix in main for targ_dev=; minor fix in srctst
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
# 2019-12-17  sudodus  added option -b brief, don't list all drives
# 2019-12-22  sudodus  added options --puer --pder --nper --cloner
# 2019-12-29  sudodus  function datp for options --vfat --exfat --ntfs
# 2020-01-11  sudodus  moved sleep to get 'failed' output without mkfs.*
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
# 2020-01-17  sudodus  forked mkusb-sedd; mkusb-minp left at 2019-12-14
#                      improved feedback during processing with dd and sed
#                      version 2.4 matching that of the current mkusb-plug
# 2020-01-25  sudodus  prober: max delay 15*4 s to 4,5,6....,14 = 99 s
#                      usage: avoid printing loop devices (for snaps)
# 2020-02-13  sudodus  sort output of lsblk to identify 'last partition'
#                      to make mkusb-sedd work in Ubuntu 16.04.x LTS
#                      edits to make variable sucuess work as expected
#                      test_host: check for dd version
#                      with status=progress and check for lsblk
# 2020-03-03  sudodus  puer: select label depending on Ubuntu version
# 2020-03-20  sudodus  dd_do: removed sudo which was not necessary
#                      main: error output and 'usage' if bad target
# 2020-03-22  sudodus  several fixes to make things work in systems like
#                      xubuntu focal, that automatically mounts partitions
#                      they are created and after partprobe
# 2020-05-03  sudodus  puer: relies on automatic creation of partition for
#                      persistence by Ubuntu (faster and more robust now)
#                      improved identification of version number
#                      p_checkpoint: 'Are you sure?' added in text mode
# 2020-09-23  sudodus  puer, puer0: Workaround because of bug:
#                      https://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/1895329
# 2020-10-03  sudodus  puer: "might fail - continue anyway?" when iso file
#                      not identified as suitable Ubuntu version.
# 2020-10-19  sudodus  puer, puer0: Workaround reverted (bug-fix for
#                      https://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/1895329)
# 2020-10-21  sudodus  new functions gpt_fix, gpt_zap
#                      datp: using gpt_fix, gpt_zap (and partprobe)
# 2021-07-28  sudodus  puer: identify new versions of Ubuntu (.disk/info)
#                      and some minor cosmetic tweaks
# 2021-11-22  sudodus  quoted grep 'patterns'

version=2.8.6

# global variables

progname="${0##*/}"
inversvid="\0033[7m"
faintvid="\0033[2m"
resetvid="\0033[0m"
greenback="\0033[1;37;42m"
blueback="\0033[1;37;44m"
redback="\0033[1;37;41m"
safetybelt="$progname makes it safer to create a boot drive"
safetybelt="$inversvid-------- $safetybelt --------$resetvid"
brief=false
persistent=false
nopersist=false
pd=false         # persistent debian
pu=false         # persistent ubuntu
uver=
label=
verfail=false
task=
source=
target=
trgtxt=
partn0=
partnr=
success=true
manager=
bar="--------------------------------------------------------------------------------"

#######################################################################

function cloner {

echo -e "                $inversvid ***** cloner ***** $resetvid"
echo "Trying to unmount partitions if mounted on the target device"
umount "$target"*
df | grep "$target"
if [ $? -eq 0 ]
then
 echo -e "$redback cloner: could not unmount a partition on the target device $resetvid"
 exit
fi
echo "$bar"
echo -e "$inversvid Please wait until the cloning has finished and 'Done' is written $resetvid"

dd_do
}
########################################################################

function nper {

echo -e "         $inversvid ***** nper: no persistence at all for Ubuntu ***** $resetvid"

echo "Trying to unmount partitions if mounted on the target device"
umount "$target"*
df | grep "$target"
if [ $? -eq 0 ]
then
 echo -e "$redback nper: could not unmount a partition on the target device $resetvid"
 exit
fi
echo "$bar"
echo -e "$inversvid Please wait until the process has finished and 'Done' is written $resetvid"

echo "..... Flash modified iso file to target ........................................"

sed_do
}
########################################################################

function puer {

echo -e "         $inversvid ***** puer: Persistence for Ubuntu ***** $resetvid"

echo "Trying to unmount partitions if mounted on the target device"
umount "$target"*
df | grep "$target"
if [ $? -eq 0 ]
then
 echo -e "$redback puer: could not unmount a partition on the target device $resetvid"
 exit
fi

echo "..... Check version of ubuntu .................................................."

lp1=$(mktemp -d)
sudo mount -o loop "$source" "$lp1"
if [ $? -ne 0 ]
then
 /bin/echo -e "$redback Loop mount of source file failed $resetvid"
else
 grep -i 'DISKNAME' "$lp1/README.diskdefines" 2> /dev/null |grep 'buntu'
 if [ $? -ne 0 ]
 then
  uver=$(grep -om1 '[1-9][0-9]\.[01][04]' "$lp1/.disk/info")
 fi
 if [ $? -eq 0 ] || [ "$uver" != "" ]
 then
  pu=true
  uver=$(grep 'DISKNAME' "$lp1/README.diskdefines"|grep 'buntu'|grep -o '[0-9][0-9]\.[0-9][0-9]')
  if [ "$uver" = "" ]
  then
   uver=$(grep -om1 '[1-9][0-9]\.[01][04]' "$lp1/.disk/info")
  fi
  if [ $? -eq 0 ] || [ "$uver" != "" ]
  then
   /bin/echo -e "$blueback Ubuntu or an Ubuntu family flavour $resetvid"
#   echo "$uver"
   if [ "$uver" = "" ]
   then
    uver="not found"
   elif test "$uver" \= "19.10"
   then
    label="casper-rw"
   elif test "$uver" \> "19.10"
   then
    label="writable"
   fi
   echo "*** Ubuntu version $uver ***"
  fi
 fi
fi

umount "$lp1"
rmdir "$lp1"
if [ "$label" == "" ]
then
 echo -e "$redback puer: might fail to create persistence for this iso file $resetvid"
 echo -en " Do you want to continue anyway? (y/N) "
  read ans
  if [ "$ans" != "y" ]
  then
   exit
  fi
fi

echo "$bar"
echo -e "$inversvid Please wait until the process has finished and 'Done' is written $resetvid"

echo "..... Flash modified iso file to target ........................................"

#echo "puer: uver=$uver, label=$label, debugging exit" ######
#exit #####

sed_do

message="A partition for persistence with the label '$label' will be
 created automatically, when you boot into the target drive."
if [ "$manager" == "z" ]
then
 zenity --info --text="$message" --title="$version - '$label' partition later, not now" \
  --window-icon="/usr/share/icons/hicolor/48x48/apps/mkusb.png" \
  --width=600 --height=120 2> /dev/null
fi
 echo -e "$blueback
 $message $resetvid"
}
########################################################################

function puer0 {

echo -e "         $inversvid ***** puer0: Persistence for Ubuntu ***** $resetvid"

echo "Trying to unmount partitions if mounted on the target device"
umount "$target"*
df | grep "$target"
if [ $? -eq 0 ]
then
 echo -e "$redback puer: could not unmount a partition on the target device $resetvid"
 exit
fi

echo "..... Check version of ubuntu .................................................."

lp1=$(mktemp -d)
sudo mount -o loop "$source" "$lp1"
if [ $? -ne 0 ]
then
 /bin/echo -e "$redback Loop mount of source file failed $resetvid"
else
 grep -i 'DISKNAME' "$lp1/README.diskdefines" 2> /dev/null |grep 'buntu'
 if [ $? -eq 0 ]
 then
  pu=true
#  uver=$(grep DISKNAME "$lp1/README.diskdefines"|grep buntu|tr -s ' ' '\t'|cut -f 4)
  uver=$(grep 'DISKNAME' "$lp1/README.diskdefines"|grep 'buntu'|grep -o '[0-9][0-9]\.[0-9][0-9]')
  if [ $? -eq 0 ]
  then
   /bin/echo -e "$blueback Ubuntu or an Ubuntu family flavour $resetvid"
#   echo "$uver"
   if [ "$uver" = "" ]
   then
    echo "*** Ubuntu version not found ***"  
   elif test "$uver" \< "19.10"
   then
    echo "*** Ubuntu version $uver ***"
   elif test "$uver" \= "19.10"
   then
    label="casper-rw"
   elif test "$uver" \> "19.10"
   then
    label="writable"
   fi
  fi
 fi
fi
umount "$lp1"
rmdir "$lp1"
if [ "$label" == "" ]
then
 echo -e "$redback puer: cannot create persistence for this version $resetvid"
 exit
else
 echo "label '$label' on partition for persistence"
fi

echo "$bar"
echo -e "$inversvid Please wait until the process has finished and 'Done' is written $resetvid"

echo "..... Flash modified iso file to target ........................................"

sed_do

sleep 4
partprobe 2> /dev/null
sleep 4
partn0=/dev/$(lsblk -lno name "${target}" | sort | tail -n1)
#echo "$partn0 after flashing"

echo "..... Create partition for persistence ........................................."

echo 'n
p



w' | fdisk "${target}"
sleep 4
sync
sleep 4
prober

if ! test -b "$partnr"
then
 echo "The target's partition $partnr not found"
 exit
fi

echo "..... Overwrite first mibibyte of partition for persistence ...................."

umount "$target"*
dd if=/dev/zero of="$partnr" bs=1024 count=1024
sleep 6
sync
partprobe 2> /dev/null
sleep 4
umount "$target"*

echo "..... Create file system in partition for persistence .........................."

mkfs.ext2 -L "$label" "$partnr"
if [ $? -ne 0 ]
then
  echo -e "$redback puer: cannot create 'ext' file system $resetvid"
  success=false
fi
sleep 2
}
########################################################################

function pder {

echo -e "         $inversvid ***** pder: Persistence for Debian ***** $resetvid"

echo "Trying to unmount partitions if mounted on the target device"
umount "$target"*
df | grep "$target"
if [ $? -eq 0 ]
then
 echo -e "$redback pder: could not unmount a partition on the target device $resetvid"
 exit
fi
echo "$bar"
echo -e "$inversvid Please wait until the process has finished and 'Done' is written $resetvid"

echo "..... Flash modified iso file to target ........................................"

sed_do

sleep 4
partprobe 2> /dev/null
sleep 4
partn0=/dev/$(lsblk -lno name "${target}" | sort | tail -n1)
#echo "$partn0 after flashing"

echo "..... Create partition for persistence ........................................."

echo 'n
p



w' | fdisk "${target}"
sleep 4
sync
sleep 4
prober

partnr=/dev/$(lsblk -lno name "${target}" | sort | tail -n1)
if ! test -b "$partnr"
then
 echo "The target's partition $partnr not found"
 exit
fi

echo "..... Overwrite first mibibyte of partition for persistence ...................."

umount "$target"*
dd if=/dev/zero of="$partnr" bs=1024 count=1024
sleep 4
sync
partprobe 2> /dev/null
sleep 4
umount "$target"*

echo "..... Create file system in partition for persistence .........................."

mkfs.ext2 -L persistence "$partnr"
if [ $? -ne 0 ]
then
 success=false
fi
sleep 2
sync
sleep 4

lp1=$(mktemp -d)

echo "..... Write 'persistence.conf' ................................................."

mount "$partnr" "$lp1"
if [ $? -ne 0 ]
then
 success=false
fi
echo '/ union' > "$lp1"/persistence.conf
sync
umount "$lp1"
sleep 2
rm -r "$lp1"
}
########################################################################

function datp {

echo -e "         $inversvid ***** datp: live with $1 data partition ***** $resetvid"

echo "Trying to unmount partitions if mounted on the target device"
umount "$target"*
df | grep "$target"
if [ $? -eq 0 ]
then
 echo -e "$redback datp: could not unmount a partition on the target device $resetvid"
 exit
fi
gpt_zap "$target"
echo "$bar"
echo -e "$inversvid Please wait until the process has finished and 'Done' is written $resetvid"

echo "..... Flash modified iso file to target ........................................"

dd_do

sleep 4
partn0=/dev/$(lsblk -lno name "${target}" | sort | tail -n1)
echo "$partn0 after flashing"
partprobe
echo "gpt_fix ..."
gpt_fix "$target"
sleep 4
partprobe

echo "..... Create partition ........................................................."

echo 'n
p



w' | fdisk "${target}"
sleep 4
sync
sleep 4
prober

if ! test -b "$partnr"
then
 echo "The target's partition $partnr not found"
 exit
fi

echo "..... Overwrite first mibibyte of partition ...................................."

umount "$target"*
dd if=/dev/zero of="$partnr" bs=1024 count=1024
sleep 4
sync
partprobe 2> /dev/null
sleep 4

echo "..... Create file system in usbdata partition  ................................."

if [ "$1" == "ntfs" ]
then
 mkfs.ntfs -f -L usbdata "$partnr"
elif [ "$1" == "vfat" ] || [ "$1" == "exfat" ]
then
 mkfs."$1" -n USBDATA "$partnr"
else
 echo "datp: bad parameter='$1'"
 success=false
fi
if [ $? -ne 0 ]
then
 success=false
fi
sleep 2
}
########################################################################

function prober {

pcnt=0
partnr=/dev/$(lsblk -lno name "${target}" | sort | tail -n1)
while [ "$partnr" == "$partn0" ]
do
 if [ $pcnt -gt 10 ]
 then
  echo -e "$redback prober: cannot identify new partition made by fdisk $resetvid"
  echo -e "$redback This can sometimes be fixed via two steps $resetvid"
  echo -e "$redback 1. wipe the first mibibyte with mkusb-dus $resetvid"
  echo -e "$redback 2. unplug and replug the target drive.    $resetvid"
  echo -e "$redback Sometimes, if the drive is getting slow,  $resetvid"
  echo -e "$redback you need to wipe the whole target drive,  $resetvid"
  echo -e "$redback or reboot the computer to make this work. $resetvid"
  exit
 elif  [ $pcnt -gt 8 ]
 then
  echo -en "$redback Please unplug and replug the target drive, $resetvid
$trgtxt
$redback and then press the Enter key to continue $resetvid"
  read
  sleep 4
  umount "${target}*" 2> /dev/null
 fi
 partprobe 2> /dev/null
 delay=$(( 4 + pcnt ))
 sleep "$delay"
 pcnt=$((pcnt + 1))
 partnr=/dev/$(lsblk -lno name "${target}" | sort | tail -n1)
 echo "prober: $partnr for persistence"
done
}
########################################################################

function p_checkpoint {

# $text string with high-lights

 ans=
 q_chk="Final checkpoint, go ahead?"
 q_ch2="Final checkpoint:
are you ready?"
  
 echo -e "$1"
 action="${1/\\*7m}"
 action="${action/\\*0m}"
 action=$(echo "$action"|sed "s#^'/.*/#'#")
 tolist=$(lsblk -lo MODEL,NAME,FSTYPE,LABEL,SIZE "$target")
 <<<"$tolist" head -n2
 <<<"$tolist" tail -n+3 | sort
 trgtxt=$(lsblk -o NAME,SIZE,MODEL -d "$target")
 trgtx1=$(echo "$trgtxt"|head -n1)
 trgtx2=$(echo "$trgtxt"|tail -n1)
 trgtxt="${trgtxt,,}"
 if [ "$manager" == "z" ]
 then
  ans=$(zenity --list --radiolist \
  --width=$(($wadd+960)) --height=$(($hadd+320)) \
  --title="$version - $q_chk" --cancel-label="Stop" --ok-label="Go" \
  --window-icon="/usr/share/icons/hicolor/48x48/apps/mkusb.png" \
  --column="Go/Stop" --column="$action" --column="$trgtxt"\
  true Stop "No, I am not sure yet" \
  false Go  "Yes, I want to go ahead" \
  2> /dev/null)
  if [ $? -ne 0 ]
  then
   ans=n
  fi
 elif [ "$manager" == "d" ]
 then
  action="$trgtx1\n$trgtx2\n$action\n\Z1***** $q_chk *****\Zn"
  ans=$(dialog --no-collapse \
 --backtitle "$version - $q_chk" \
 --cancel-label "Stop" --ok-label "Go" --colors \
 --defaultno \
 --radiolist "$action" 0 0 0 \
 Stop "\Z1No, I am not sure yet\Zn" on \
 Go   "Yes, I want to go ahead" off \
 3>&1 1>&2 2>&3 3>&-)
  if [ $? -ne 0 ]
  then
   ans=n
  fi
 else
  echo -en "$redback $q_chk (g/N) $resetvid"
  read ans
  if [ "$ans" == "g" ]
  then
   echo -en "$redback Are you sure ? (y/N) $resetvid"
   read an2
   if [ "$an2" != "y" ]
   then
    return 1
   fi
  fi
 fi
 
 if [ "$ans" == "Go" ]
 then
  ans=g
 elif [ "$ans" == "Stop" ]
 then
  ans=n
 fi
 if [ "$ans" == "g" ]
 then
  return 0
 else
  if [ "$manager" == "z" ]
  then
   src_orig=
  fi
  return 1
 fi
}
#######################################################################

function p_zentest {

zenity --info --title="$version - zenity-test" --timeout 1 \
 --width=350 --height=150 \
--text="Checking if zenity works in this environment" > /dev/null 2>&1
exitnr=$?
if [ $exitnr -eq 0 ] || [ $exitnr -eq 5 ]
then
 manager=z
else
 return 1
fi
}
########################################################################

function dd_prep {

size=$(wc -c "$source")
size=${size%% *}

if [ "$manager" == "z" ]
then
 tailfile=$(mktemp)
 tmpfile=$(mktemp)

 ( while true;
 do
  sleep 2
  tmpline=$(tr '\015' '\n' < "$tmpfile" | tail -n1)
  tmpstr=${tmpline%% *}
  tproc=$(((100*tmpstr+50)/size))
  echo "$tproc
# $tmpline" >> "$tailfile"
 done ) & pid1=$!

 ( tail -f "$tailfile"| zenity --progress --title="$version - progress ..." \
 --width=500 --height=400 \
 --percentage=0 --auto-close --no-cancel \
 --window-icon="/usr/share/icons/hicolor/48x48/apps/mkusb.png"  2>> "/dev/null") & pid2=$!
fi
}
########################################################################

function dd_do {

dd_prep
echo "$size=file size"

if [ "$manager" == "z" ]
then
 dd if="$source" of="$target" bs=1M status=progress oflag=dsync 2> >(tee "$tmpfile")
else
 dd if="$source" of="$target" bs=1M status=progress oflag=dsync
fi
if [ $? -ne 0 ]
then
 success=false
fi

dd_cleanup
if [ $? -ne 0 ]
then
 success=false
fi
}
########################################################################

function dd_cleanup {

if [ "$manager" == "z" ]
then
 echo -en "$faintvid"
 echo "----- cleanup after dd ------------------------------------------"
 sync
 echo "100
 # buffered data : 0 kB -- watching -- rate : 0 -- eta : n.a." >> "$tailfile"
 sleep 5.5
 ps -A|grep "^ *$pid1"
 if [ $? -eq 0 ]
 then
  kill "$pid1"
 fi
 ps -A|grep "^ *$pid2"
 if [ $? -eq 0 ]
 then
  kill "$pid2"
 fi
 rm  "$tmpfile" "$tailfile"
# sleep 4
 partprobe
# sleep 2
 echo -en "$resetvid"
fi
}
########################################################################

function sed_prep {

size=$(wc -c "$source")
size=${size%% *}
tailfile=$(mktemp)
cmdfile=$(mktemp)
if [ "$manager" == "z" ]
then
 ( watch-flush "$size" "$tailfile" > /dev/null ) & pid0=$!

 ( tail -f "$tailfile"| zenity --progress --title="$version - progress ..." \
 --width=500 --height=400 \
 --percentage=0 --auto-close --no-cancel \
 --window-icon="/usr/share/icons/hicolor/48x48/apps/mkusb.png"  2>> "/dev/null") & pid2=$!
else
 ( watch-flush "$size" "$tailfile" ) & pid0=$!
fi
}
########################################################################

function sed_do {

if [ "$task" == "--puer" ]
then
 persist="persistent  "
elif [ "$task" == "--pder" ]
then
 persist="persistence "
elif [ "$task" == "--nper" ]
then
 persist="nopersistent"
else
 echo "sed_do: error"
 exit 1
fi
sed_prep
which pv > /dev/null
if [ $? -eq 0 ] && [ "$manager" == "z" ]
then
 pv "$source" | sed -e "s/quiet splash/$persist/" -e "s/splash quiet/$persist/" > "$target"
else
 < "$source" sed -e "s/quiet splash/$persist/" -e "s/splash quiet/$persist/" > "$target"
fi
if [ $? -ne 0 ]
then
 success=false
fi
sleep 2
sed_cleanup
}
########################################################################

function sed_cleanup {

echo -en "$faintvid"
echo "
----- cleanup after sed -----------------------------------------"
sync
echo "100
# buffered data : 0 kB -- watching -- rate : 0 -- eta : n.a." >> "$tailfile"
sleep 5.5
ps -A|grep "^ *$pid0"
if [ $? -eq 0 ]
then
 kill "$pid0"
fi
if [ "$manager" == "z" ]
then
 ps -A|grep "^ *$pid2"
 if [ $? -eq 0 ]
 then
  kill "$pid2"
 fi
fi
rm "$cmdfile" "$tailfile"
echo -en "$resetvid"
}
########################################################################

function final_tasks {

sleep 2
sync
 
if [ "${target/mmc}" != "$target" ]
then
 read -p "Press Enter to continue, when you have unplugged the target device '$target'
and maybe have plugged it back again"
else
 echo "Finally, please wait for a few more seconds ..."
fi
sleep 1
partprobe 2> /dev/null
sleep 10
umount "$target"* 2> /dev/null
echo "$bar"
tolist=$(lsblk -lo NAME,MODEL,FSTYPE,LABEL,MOUNTPOINT,SIZE,NAME "$target")
<<<"$tolist" head -n2
<<<"$tolist" tail -n+3 | sort
if $success
then
 /bin/echo -e "$greenback Done :-) $resetvid"
else
 /bin/echo -e "$redback failed :-( $resetvid"
fi
}
########################################################################

function gpt_fix {

# $1 is the target device

echo \
"v
q" \
| gdisk "$1" 2>/dev/null |grep -e 'GPT: damaged' -e 'Problem:' > /dev/null 2>&1
if [ $? -eq 0 ]
then
 echo \
"v
x
e
r
d
w
y" \
| gdisk "$1" > /dev/null 2>&1

 echo \
"v
q" \
| gdisk "$1" 2>/dev/null |grep -e 'GPT: damaged' -e 'Problem:' > /dev/null 2>&1
 if [ $? -eq 0 ]
 then
  echo "gpt_fix: failed to fix the GUID partition table (GPT) of $1"
 else
  echo "gpt_fix: done :-)"
 fi
else
 echo "gpt_fix: checked :-)"
fi
}
########################################################################

function gpt_zap {

# $1 is the target device

echo \
"
x
z
y
y" \
| gdisk "$1" > /dev/null 2>&1

echo "gpt_zap: done"
}
########################################################################

function usage {

 /bin/echo -e "$safetybelt"
 echo "Clone from iso or image file to target device (e.g. USB pendrive)"
 which pv > /dev/null
 if [ $? -ne 0 ]
 then
  echo "You may want to install 'pv' (progress view)"
 fi
 echo "Usage:"
 /bin/echo -e "$inversvid sudo /path/${0##*/} --<task> <source file> <target device> $resetvid"
 echo "Cloning:"
 echo " sudo $progname --cloner file.iso /dev/sdx  # cloning standard live"
 echo " sudo $progname --cloner file.img /dev/sdx  # cloning general image"
 echo " sudo $progname --vfat   file.iso /dev/sdx  # cloning with FAT32 usbdata"
 echo " sudo $progname --exfat  file.iso /dev/sdx  # cloning with exFAT usbdata"
 echo " sudo $progname --ntfs   file.iso /dev/sdx  # cloning with NTFS  usbdata"
 echo "Special tasks for Ubuntu 19.10+ and Debian 10+"
 echo " sudo $progname --puer ubuntu.iso /dev/sdx  # persistent live drive"  
 echo " sudo $progname --pder debian.iso /dev/sdx  # persistent live drive"  
 echo " sudo $progname --nper ubuntu.iso /dev/sdx  # live-only drive"  
 read -p "Press the Enter key to continue"
 echo "Help:"
 echo "$progname -h"
 echo "Version:"
 echo "$progname -v"
 /bin/echo -e "${inversvid}Available devices $resetvid"
 lsblk -do name,size,tran,model | \
  grep -v -e 'sr[0-9]' -e 'fd[0-9]' -e 'zram[0-9]' -e 'loop[0-9]'
 exit
}
########################################################################

function test_host {

LANG=C lsblk > /dev/null
if [ $? -ne 0 ]
then
 echo -e "$redback This operating system is too old, there is no 'lsblk' $resetvid"
 lsb_release -a 2> /dev/null
 echo -e "$redback Try mkusb-bas $resetvid"
 exit 1
fi
LANG=C dd --help|grep 'progress.*stat' > /dev/null
if [ $? -ne 0 ]
then
 echo -e "$redback This operating system is too old for how '$progname' uses 'dd' $resetvid"
 lsb_release -a 2> /dev/null
 echo -e "$redback Try mkusb version 12 alias mkusb-dus or mkusb-minp $resetvid"
 exit 1
fi
}
########################################################################
#
# main program
#
########################################################################

# print version and help text on demand

if [ "$1" == "-v" ]
then
 echo "$progname version $version"
 exit
elif [ "$1" == "-h" ]
then
 usage
elif [ "$(whoami)" != "root" ]
then
 /bin/echo -e "$redback Run '${0##*/}' with sudo or as root $resetvid"
 usage
fi 

test_host

# task specified with --option

if [ "${1:0:2}" == "--" ] && [ $# -eq 3 ]
then
 task="$1"
 source="$2"
 target="$3"
 echo "         task: '$task'"
 echo "  source file: '$source'"
 echo "target device:  $target"
 version="$progname $version"

# check target device and source file

 if test -b "$target"
 then
  leng=${#target}
  leng1=$((leng - 1))
  trunk=${target:0:leng1}
  leng2=$((leng - 2))
  trun2=${target:0:leng2}
 else
  /bin/echo -e "$redback Bad target device $inversvid $target $resetvid"
  usage
 fi
 if ! test -s "$source"
 then
  /bin/echo -e "$redback Bad source file $inversvid $source $resetvid"
  usage
 elif ! test -b "$target" || test -b "$trunk" || test -b "$trun2" 
 then
  /bin/echo -e "$redback Bad target device $inversvid $target $resetvid"
  usage
 fi

 p_zentest
 p_checkpoint
 if [ $? -eq 0 ]
 then
  if [ "$task" == "--cloner" ]
  then
   cloner 
  elif [ "$task" == "--nper" ]
  then
   nper
  elif [ "$task" == "--puer" ]
  then
   puer
  elif [ "$task" == "--pder" ]
  then
   pder
  elif [ "$task" == "--vfat" ]
  then
   datp vfat
  elif [ "$task" == "--exfat" ]
  then
   datp exfat
  elif [ "$task" == "--ntfs" ]
  then
   datp ntfs
  else
   echo -e "$redback no task '$' $resetvid"
   exit 1
  fi
  final_tasks
 else
  echo -e "$redback ${0##*/} terminated by user $resetvid"
  exit 1
 fi
else
 echo -e "$redback the first parameter should be --<task>  or -h or -v $resetvid"
 usage
fi