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SshUtils.c
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SshUtils.c
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// Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.
// Licensed under the MIT License.
#include "Internal.h"
#include "SshUtils.h"
static const char* g_sshServerService = "sshd";
static const char* g_sshServerConfiguration = "/etc/ssh/sshd_config";
static const char* g_sshServerConfigurationBackup = "/etc/ssh/sshd_config.bak";
static const char* g_osconfigRemediationConf = "/etc/ssh/sshd_config.d/osconfig_remediation.conf";
static const char* g_sshdConfigRemediationHeader = "# Azure OSConfig Remediation";
static const char* g_sshPort = "Port";
static const char* g_sshProtocol = "Protocol";
static const char* g_sshIgnoreHosts = "IgnoreRhosts";
static const char* g_sshLogLevel = "LogLevel";
static const char* g_sshMaxAuthTries = "MaxAuthTries";
static const char* g_sshAllowUsers = "AllowUsers";
static const char* g_sshDenyUsers = "DenyUsers";
static const char* g_sshAllowGroups = "AllowGroups";
static const char* g_sshDenyGroups = "DenyGroups";
static const char* g_sshHostBasedAuthentication = "HostBasedAuthentication";
static const char* g_sshPermitRootLogin = "PermitRootLogin";
static const char* g_sshPermitEmptyPasswords = "PermitEmptyPasswords";
static const char* g_sshClientAliveCountMax = "ClientAliveCountMax";
static const char* g_sshLoginGraceTime = "LoginGraceTime";
static const char* g_sshClientAliveInterval = "ClientAliveInterval";
static const char* g_sshMacs = "MACs";
static const char* g_sshPermitUserEnvironment = "PermitUserEnvironment";
static const char* g_sshBanner = "Banner";
static const char* g_sshCiphers = "Ciphers";
static const char* g_sshDefaultSshSshdConfigAccess = "600";
static const char* g_sshDefaultSshPort = "22";
static const char* g_sshDefaultSshProtocol = "2";
static const char* g_sshDefaultSshYes = "yes";
static const char* g_sshDefaultSshNo = "no";
static const char* g_sshDefaultSshLogLevel = "INFO";
static const char* g_sshDefaultSshMaxAuthTries = "6";
static const char* g_sshDefaultSshAllowUsers = "*@*";
static const char* g_sshDefaultSshDenyUsers = "root";
static const char* g_sshDefaultSshAllowGroups = "*";
static const char* g_sshDefaultSshDenyGroups = "root";
static const char* g_sshDefaultSshClientIntervalCountMax = "0";
static const char* g_sshDefaultSshClientAliveInterval = "3600";
static const char* g_sshDefaultSshLoginGraceTime = "60";
static const char* g_sshDefaultSshMacs = "hmac-sha2-256,[email protected],hmac-sha2-512,[email protected]";
static const char* g_sshDefaultSshCiphers = "aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr";
static const char* g_sshBannerFile = "/etc/azsec/banner.txt";
static const char* g_sshDefaultSshBannerText =
"#######################################################################\n\n"
"Authorized access only!\n\n"
"If you are not authorized to access or use this system, disconnect now!\n\n"
"#######################################################################\n";
static const char* g_auditEnsurePermissionsOnEtcSshSshdConfigObject = "auditEnsurePermissionsOnEtcSshSshdConfig";
static const char* g_auditEnsureSshPortIsConfiguredObject = "auditEnsureSshPortIsConfigured";
static const char* g_auditEnsureSshBestPracticeProtocolObject = "auditEnsureSshBestPracticeProtocol";
static const char* g_auditEnsureSshBestPracticeIgnoreRhostsObject = "auditEnsureSshBestPracticeIgnoreRhosts";
static const char* g_auditEnsureSshLogLevelIsSetObject = "auditEnsureSshLogLevelIsSet";
static const char* g_auditEnsureSshMaxAuthTriesIsSetObject = "auditEnsureSshMaxAuthTriesIsSet";
static const char* g_auditEnsureAllowUsersIsConfiguredObject = "auditEnsureAllowUsersIsConfigured";
static const char* g_auditEnsureDenyUsersIsConfiguredObject = "auditEnsureDenyUsersIsConfigured";
static const char* g_auditEnsureAllowGroupsIsConfiguredObject = "auditEnsureAllowGroupsIsConfigured";
static const char* g_auditEnsureDenyGroupsConfiguredObject = "auditEnsureDenyGroupsConfigured";
static const char* g_auditEnsureSshHostbasedAuthenticationIsDisabledObject = "auditEnsureSshHostbasedAuthenticationIsDisabled";
static const char* g_auditEnsureSshPermitRootLoginIsDisabledObject = "auditEnsureSshPermitRootLoginIsDisabled";
static const char* g_auditEnsureSshPermitEmptyPasswordsIsDisabledObject = "auditEnsureSshPermitEmptyPasswordsIsDisabled";
static const char* g_auditEnsureSshClientIntervalCountMaxIsConfiguredObject = "auditEnsureSshClientIntervalCountMaxIsConfigured";
static const char* g_auditEnsureSshClientAliveIntervalIsConfiguredObject = "auditEnsureSshClientAliveIntervalIsConfigured";
static const char* g_auditEnsureSshLoginGraceTimeIsSetObject = "auditEnsureSshLoginGraceTimeIsSet";
static const char* g_auditEnsureOnlyApprovedMacAlgorithmsAreUsedObject = "auditEnsureOnlyApprovedMacAlgorithmsAreUsed";
static const char* g_auditEnsureSshWarningBannerIsEnabledObject = "auditEnsureSshWarningBannerIsEnabled";
static const char* g_auditEnsureUsersCannotSetSshEnvironmentOptionsObject = "auditEnsureUsersCannotSetSshEnvironmentOptions";
static const char* g_auditEnsureAppropriateCiphersForSshObject = "auditEnsureAppropriateCiphersForSsh";
static const char* g_remediateEnsurePermissionsOnEtcSshSshdConfigObject = "remediateEnsurePermissionsOnEtcSshSshdConfig";
static const char* g_remediateEnsureSshPortIsConfiguredObject = "remediateEnsureSshPortIsConfigured";
static const char* g_remediateEnsureSshBestPracticeProtocolObject = "remediateEnsureSshBestPracticeProtocol";
static const char* g_remediateEnsureSshBestPracticeIgnoreRhostsObject = "remediateEnsureSshBestPracticeIgnoreRhosts";
static const char* g_remediateEnsureSshLogLevelIsSetObject = "remediateEnsureSshLogLevelIsSet";
static const char* g_remediateEnsureSshMaxAuthTriesIsSetObject = "remediateEnsureSshMaxAuthTriesIsSet";
static const char* g_remediateEnsureAllowUsersIsConfiguredObject = "remediateEnsureAllowUsersIsConfigured";
static const char* g_remediateEnsureDenyUsersIsConfiguredObject = "remediateEnsureDenyUsersIsConfigured";
static const char* g_remediateEnsureAllowGroupsIsConfiguredObject = "remediateEnsureAllowGroupsIsConfigured";
static const char* g_remediateEnsureDenyGroupsConfiguredObject = "remediateEnsureDenyGroupsConfigured";
static const char* g_remediateEnsureSshHostbasedAuthenticationIsDisabledObject = "remediateEnsureSshHostbasedAuthenticationIsDisabled";
static const char* g_remediateEnsureSshPermitRootLoginIsDisabledObject = "remediateEnsureSshPermitRootLoginIsDisabled";
static const char* g_remediateEnsureSshPermitEmptyPasswordsIsDisabledObject = "remediateEnsureSshPermitEmptyPasswordsIsDisabled";
static const char* g_remediateEnsureSshClientIntervalCountMaxIsConfiguredObject = "remediateEnsureSshClientIntervalCountMaxIsConfigured";
static const char* g_remediateEnsureSshClientAliveIntervalIsConfiguredObject = "remediateEnsureSshClientAliveIntervalIsConfigured";
static const char* g_remediateEnsureSshLoginGraceTimeIsSetObject = "remediateEnsureSshLoginGraceTimeIsSet";
static const char* g_remediateEnsureOnlyApprovedMacAlgorithmsAreUsedObject = "remediateEnsureOnlyApprovedMacAlgorithmsAreUsed";
static const char* g_remediateEnsureSshWarningBannerIsEnabledObject = "remediateEnsureSshWarningBannerIsEnabled";
static const char* g_remediateEnsureUsersCannotSetSshEnvironmentOptionsObject = "remediateEnsureUsersCannotSetSshEnvironmentOptions";
static const char* g_remediateEnsureAppropriateCiphersForSshObject = "remediateEnsureAppropriateCiphersForSsh";
static const char* g_initEnsurePermissionsOnEtcSshSshdConfigObject = "initEnsurePermissionsOnEtcSshSshdConfig";
static const char* g_initEnsureSshPortIsConfiguredObject = "initEnsureSshPortIsConfigured";
static const char* g_initEnsureSshBestPracticeProtocolObject = "initEnsureSshBestPracticeProtocol";
static const char* g_initEnsureSshBestPracticeIgnoreRhostsObject = "initEnsureSshBestPracticeIgnoreRhosts";
static const char* g_initEnsureSshLogLevelIsSetObject = "initEnsureSshLogLevelIsSet";
static const char* g_initEnsureSshMaxAuthTriesIsSetObject = "initEnsureSshMaxAuthTriesIsSet";
static const char* g_initEnsureAllowUsersIsConfiguredObject = "initEnsureAllowUsersIsConfigured";
static const char* g_initEnsureDenyUsersIsConfiguredObject = "initEnsureDenyUsersIsConfigured";
static const char* g_initEnsureAllowGroupsIsConfiguredObject = "initEnsureAllowGroupsIsConfigured";
static const char* g_initEnsureDenyGroupsConfiguredObject = "initEnsureDenyGroupsConfigured";
static const char* g_initEnsureSshHostbasedAuthenticationIsDisabledObject = "initEnsureSshHostbasedAuthenticationIsDisabled";
static const char* g_initEnsureSshPermitRootLoginIsDisabledObject = "initEnsureSshPermitRootLoginIsDisabled";
static const char* g_initEnsureSshPermitEmptyPasswordsIsDisabledObject = "initEnsureSshPermitEmptyPasswordsIsDisabled";
static const char* g_initEnsureSshClientIntervalCountMaxIsConfiguredObject = "initEnsureSshClientIntervalCountMaxIsConfigured";
static const char* g_initEnsureSshClientAliveIntervalIsConfiguredObject = "initEnsureSshClientAliveIntervalIsConfigured";
static const char* g_initEnsureSshLoginGraceTimeIsSetObject = "initEnsureSshLoginGraceTimeIsSet";
static const char* g_initEnsureOnlyApprovedMacAlgorithmsAreUsedObject = "initEnsureOnlyApprovedMacAlgorithmsAreUsed";
static const char* g_initEnsureSshWarningBannerIsEnabledObject = "initEnsureSshWarningBannerIsEnabled";
static const char* g_initEnsureUsersCannotSetSshEnvironmentOptionsObject = "initEnsureUsersCannotSetSshEnvironmentOptions";
static const char* g_initEnsureAppropriateCiphersForSshObject = "initEnsureAppropriateCiphersForSsh";
static char* g_desiredPermissionsOnEtcSshSshdConfig = NULL;
static char* g_desiredSshPort = NULL;
static char* g_desiredSshBestPracticeProtocol = NULL;
static char* g_desiredSshBestPracticeIgnoreRhosts = NULL;
static char* g_desiredSshLogLevelIsSet = NULL;
static char* g_desiredSshMaxAuthTriesIsSet = NULL;
static char* g_desiredAllowUsersIsConfigured = NULL;
static char* g_desiredDenyUsersIsConfigured = NULL;
static char* g_desiredAllowGroupsIsConfigured = NULL;
static char* g_desiredDenyGroupsConfigured = NULL;
static char* g_desiredSshHostbasedAuthenticationIsDisabled = NULL;
static char* g_desiredSshPermitRootLoginIsDisabled = NULL;
static char* g_desiredSshPermitEmptyPasswordsIsDisabled = NULL;
static char* g_desiredSshClientIntervalCountMaxIsConfigured = NULL;
static char* g_desiredSshClientAliveIntervalIsConfigured = NULL;
static char* g_desiredSshLoginGraceTimeIsSet = NULL;
static char* g_desiredOnlyApprovedMacAlgorithmsAreUsed = NULL;
static char* g_desiredSshWarningBannerIsEnabled = NULL;
static char* g_desiredUsersCannotSetSshEnvironmentOptions = NULL;
static char* g_desiredAppropriateCiphersForSsh = NULL;
static bool g_auditOnlySession = true;
static char* GetSshServerState(const char* name, void* log)
{
const char* sshdDashTCommand = "sshd -T";
const char* commandTemplateForOne = "%s | grep -m 1 -w %s";
char* command = NULL;
char* textResult = NULL;
int status = 0;
if (NULL == name)
{
if (0 != (status = ExecuteCommand(NULL, sshdDashTCommand, true, false, 0, 0, &textResult, NULL, NULL)))
{
OsConfigLogError(log, "GetSshServerState: '%s' failed with %d and '%s'", sshdDashTCommand, status, textResult);
FREE_MEMORY(textResult);
}
}
else
{
if (NULL != (command = FormatAllocateString(commandTemplateForOne, sshdDashTCommand, name)))
{
if (0 != (status = ExecuteCommand(NULL, command, true, false, 0, 0, &textResult, NULL, NULL)))
{
OsConfigLogError(log, "GetSshServerState: '%s' failed with %d and '%s'", command, status, textResult);
FREE_MEMORY(textResult);
}
else if ((NULL != textResult) && (NULL != strstr(textResult, name)))
{
RemovePrefixUpToString(textResult, name);
RemovePrefixUpTo(textResult, ' ');
RemovePrefixBlanks(textResult);
RemoveTrailingBlanks(textResult);
}
}
else
{
OsConfigLogError(log, "GetSshServerState: FormatAllocateString failed");
}
FREE_MEMORY(command);
}
return textResult;
}
static int IsSshServerActive(void* log)
{
int result = 0;
if (false == FileExists(g_sshServerConfiguration))
{
OsConfigLogInfo(log, "IsSshServerActive: the OpenSSH Server configuration file '%s' is not present on this device", g_sshServerConfiguration);
result = EEXIST;
}
else if (false == IsDaemonActive(g_sshServerService, log))
{
OsConfigLogInfo(log, "IsSshServerActive: the OpenSSH Server service '%s' is not active on this device", g_sshServerService);
result = EEXIST;
}
return result;
}
// SSH servers that implement OpenSSH version 8.2 or newer support Include
// See https://www.openssh.com/txt/release-8.2, quote: "add an Include sshd_config keyword that allows including additional configuration files"
static int IsSshConfigIncludeSupported(void* log)
{
const char* expectedPrefix = "unknown option -- V OpenSSH_";
const char* command = "sshd -V";
const int minVersionMajor = 8;
const int minVersionMinor = 2;
char* textResult = NULL;
size_t textResultLength = 0;
size_t textPrefixLength = 0;
char* textCursor = NULL;
char versionMajorString[2] = {0};
char versionMinorString[2] = {0};
int versionMajor = 0;
int versionMinor = 0;
int result = 0;
if (false == IsDaemonActive(g_sshServerService, log))
{
OsConfigLogInfo(log, "IsSshConfigIncludeSupported: the OpenSSH Server service '%s' is not active on this device, assuming Include is not supported", g_sshServerService);
return EEXIST;
}
// Extract the two version digits from the SSH server response to unsupported command -V (the OpenSSH way)
// For example, version 8.9 from response "unknown option -- V OpenSSH_8.9p1..."
ExecuteCommand(NULL, command, true, false, 0, 0, &textResult, NULL, NULL);
if (NULL != textResult)
{
if (((textPrefixLength = strlen(expectedPrefix)) + 3) < (textResultLength = strlen(textResult)))
{
textCursor = textResult + strlen(expectedPrefix) + 1;
if (isdigit(textCursor[0]) && ('.' == textCursor[1]) && isdigit(textCursor[2]))
{
versionMajorString[0] = textCursor[0];
versionMinorString[0] = textCursor[2];
versionMajor = atoi(versionMajorString);
versionMinor = atoi(versionMinorString);
}
if ((versionMajor >= minVersionMajor) && (versionMinor >= minVersionMinor))
{
OsConfigLogInfo(log, "IsSshConfigIncludeSupported: %s reports OpenSSH version %d.%d (%d.%d or newer) and appears to support Include",
g_sshServerService, versionMajor, versionMinor, minVersionMajor, minVersionMinor);
result = 0;
}
else
{
OsConfigLogInfo(log, "IsSshConfigIncludeSupported: %s reports OpenSSH version %d.%d (older than %d.%d) and appears to not support Include",
g_sshServerService, versionMajor, versionMinor, minVersionMajor, minVersionMinor);
result = ENOENT;
}
}
else
{
OsConfigLogInfo(log, "IsSshConfigIncludeSupported: unexpected response to '%s' ('%s'), assuming Include is not supported", command, textResult);
result = ENOENT;
}
}
else
{
OsConfigLogInfo(log, "IsSshConfigIncludeSupported: unexpected response to '%s', assuming Include is not supported", command);
result = ENOENT;
}
FREE_MEMORY(textResult);
return result;
}
static int CheckOnlyApprovedMacAlgorithmsAreUsed(const char* macs, char** reason, void* log)
{
char* sshMacs = NULL;
char* macsValue = NULL;
char* value = NULL;
size_t macsValueLength = 0;
size_t i = 0;
int status = 0;
if (NULL == macs)
{
OsConfigLogError(log, "CheckOnlyApprovedMacAlgorithmsAreUsed: invalid arguments");
return EINVAL;
}
else if (0 != IsSshServerActive(log))
{
return status;
}
else if (NULL == (sshMacs = DuplicateStringToLowercase(g_sshMacs)))
{
OsConfigLogError(log, "CheckOnlyApprovedMacAlgorithmsAreUsed: failed to duplicate string to lowercase");
return ENOMEM;
}
if (NULL == (macsValue = GetSshServerState(sshMacs, log)))
{
OsConfigLogError(log, "CheckOnlyApprovedMacAlgorithmsAreUsed: '%s' not found in SSH Server response from 'sshd -T'", sshMacs);
OsConfigCaptureReason(reason, "'%s' not found in SSH Server response", sshMacs);
status = ENOENT;
}
else
{
macsValueLength = strlen(macsValue);
for (i = 0; i < macsValueLength; i++)
{
if (NULL == (value = DuplicateString(&(macsValue[i]))))
{
OsConfigLogError(log, "CheckOnlyApprovedMacAlgorithmsAreUsed: failed to duplicate string");
status = ENOMEM;
break;
}
else
{
TruncateAtFirst(value, ',');
if (NULL == strstr(macs, value))
{
status = ENOENT;
OsConfigLogError(log, "CheckOnlyApprovedMacAlgorithmsAreUsed: unapproved MAC algorithm '%s' found in SSH Server response", value);
OsConfigCaptureReason(reason, "'%s' MAC algorithm found in SSH Server response is unapproved", value);
}
i += strlen(value);
FREE_MEMORY(value);
continue;
}
}
}
if (0 == status)
{
OsConfigCaptureSuccessReason(reason, "%s reports that '%s' is set to '%s' (all approved MAC algorithms)", g_sshServerService, sshMacs, macsValue);
}
FREE_MEMORY(macsValue);
FREE_MEMORY(sshMacs);
OsConfigLogInfo(log, "CheckOnlyApprovedMacAlgorithmsAreUsed: %s (%d)", PLAIN_STATUS_FROM_ERRNO(status), status);
return status;
}
static int CheckAppropriateCiphersForSsh(const char* ciphers, char** reason, void* log)
{
char* sshCiphers = NULL;
char* ciphersValue = NULL;
char* value = NULL;
size_t ciphersValueLength = 0;
size_t i = 0;
int status = 0;
if (NULL == ciphers)
{
OsConfigLogError(log, "CheckAppropriateCiphersForSsh: invalid argument");
return EINVAL;
}
else if (0 != IsSshServerActive(log))
{
return status;
}
else if (NULL == (sshCiphers = DuplicateStringToLowercase(g_sshCiphers)))
{
OsConfigLogError(log, "CheckAppropriateCiphersForSsh: failed to duplicate string to lowercase");
return ENOMEM;
}
if (NULL == (ciphersValue = GetSshServerState(sshCiphers, log)))
{
OsConfigLogError(log, "CheckAppropriateCiphersForSsh: '%s' not found in SSH Server response", sshCiphers);
OsConfigCaptureReason(reason, "'%s' not found in SSH Server response", sshCiphers);
status = ENOENT;
}
else
{
ciphersValueLength = strlen(ciphersValue);
// Check that no unapproved ciphers are configured
for (i = 0; i < ciphersValueLength; i++)
{
if (NULL == (value = DuplicateString(&(ciphersValue[i]))))
{
OsConfigLogError(log, "CheckAppropriateCiphersForSsh: failed to duplicate string");
status = ENOMEM;
break;
}
else
{
TruncateAtFirst(value, ',');
if (NULL == strstr(ciphers, value))
{
status = ENOENT;
OsConfigLogError(log, "CheckAppropriateCiphersForSsh: unapproved cipher '%s' found in SSH Server response", value);
OsConfigCaptureReason(reason, "Cipher '%s' found in SSH Server response is unapproved", value);
}
i += strlen(value);
FREE_MEMORY(value);
continue;
}
}
ciphersValueLength = strlen(ciphers);
// Check that all required ciphers are configured
for (i = 0; i < ciphersValueLength; i++)
{
if (NULL == (value = DuplicateString(&(ciphers[i]))))
{
OsConfigLogError(log, "CheckAppropriateCiphersForSsh: failed to duplicate ciphers string");
status = ENOMEM;
break;
}
else
{
TruncateAtFirst(value, ',');
if (NULL == strstr(ciphersValue, value))
{
status = ENOENT;
OsConfigLogError(log, "CheckAppropriateCiphersForSsh: required cipher '%s' not found in SSH Server response", &(ciphers[i]));
OsConfigCaptureReason(reason, "Cipher '%s' is required and is not found in SSH Server response", &(ciphers[i]));
}
i += strlen(value);
FREE_MEMORY(value);
continue;
}
}
}
if (0 == status)
{
OsConfigCaptureSuccessReason(reason, "%s reports that '%s' is set to '%s' (only approved ciphers)", g_sshServerService, sshCiphers, ciphersValue);
}
FREE_MEMORY(ciphersValue);
FREE_MEMORY(sshCiphers);
OsConfigLogInfo(log, "CheckAppropriateCiphersForSsh: %s (%d)", PLAIN_STATUS_FROM_ERRNO(status), status);
return status;
}
static int CheckSshOptionIsSet(const char* option, const char* expectedValue, char** actualValue, char** reason, void* log)
{
char* value = NULL;
int status = 0;
if (NULL == option)
{
OsConfigLogError(log, "CheckSshOptionIsSet: invalid argument");
return EINVAL;
}
if (0 != IsSshServerActive(log))
{
return status;
}
if (NULL != (value = GetSshServerState(option, log)))
{
OsConfigLogInfo(log, "CheckSshOptionIsSet: '%s' found in SSH Server response set to '%s'", option, value);
if ((NULL != expectedValue) && (0 != strcmp(value, expectedValue)))
{
OsConfigLogError(log, "CheckSshOptionIsSet: '%s' is not set to '%s' in SSH Server response (but to '%s')", option, expectedValue, value);
OsConfigCaptureReason(reason, "'%s' is not set to '%s' in SSH Server response (but to '%s')", option, expectedValue, value);
status = ENOENT;
}
else
{
OsConfigCaptureSuccessReason(reason, "%s reports that '%s' is set to '%s'", g_sshServerService, option, value);
}
if (NULL != actualValue)
{
*actualValue = DuplicateString(value);
}
FREE_MEMORY(value);
}
else
{
OsConfigLogError(log, "CheckSshOptionIsSet: '%s' not found in SSH Server response", option);
OsConfigCaptureReason(reason, "'%s' not found in SSH Server response", option);
status = ENOENT;
}
OsConfigLogInfo(log, "CheckSshOptionIsSet: %s (%d)", PLAIN_STATUS_FROM_ERRNO(status), status);
return status;
}
static int CheckSshOptionIsSetToInteger(const char* option, int* expectedValue, int* actualValue, char** reason, void* log)
{
char* actualValueString = NULL;
char* expectedValueString = expectedValue ? FormatAllocateString("%d", *expectedValue) : NULL;
int status = CheckSshOptionIsSet(option, expectedValueString, &actualValueString, reason, log);
if ((0 == status) && (NULL != actualValue))
{
*actualValue = (NULL != actualValueString) ? atoi(actualValueString) : -1;
}
FREE_MEMORY(actualValueString);
FREE_MEMORY(expectedValueString);
return status;
}
static int CheckSshClientAliveInterval(char** reason, void* log)
{
char* clientAliveInterval = DuplicateStringToLowercase(g_sshClientAliveInterval);
int actualValue = 0;
int status = 0;
if (0 == IsSshServerActive(log))
{
if (0 == (status = CheckSshOptionIsSetToInteger(clientAliveInterval, NULL, &actualValue, reason, log)))
{
OsConfigResetReason(reason);
if (actualValue > 0)
{
OsConfigCaptureSuccessReason(reason, "%s reports that '%s' is set to '%d' (that is greater than zero)", g_sshServerService, clientAliveInterval, actualValue);
}
else
{
OsConfigLogError(log, "CheckSshClientAliveInterval: 'clientaliveinterval' is not set to a greater than zero value in SSH Server response (but to %d)", actualValue);
OsConfigCaptureReason(reason, "'clientaliveinterval' is not set to a greater than zero value in SSH Server response (but to %d)", actualValue);
status = ENOENT;
}
}
}
FREE_MEMORY(clientAliveInterval);
OsConfigLogInfo(log, "CheckSshClientAliveInterval: %s (%d)", PLAIN_STATUS_FROM_ERRNO(status), status);
return status;
}
static int CheckSshLoginGraceTime(const char* value, char** reason, void* log)
{
char* loginGraceTime = DuplicateStringToLowercase(g_sshLoginGraceTime);
int targetValue = atoi(value ? value : g_sshDefaultSshLoginGraceTime);
int actualValue = 0;
int status = 0;
if (0 == IsSshServerActive(log))
{
if (0 == (status = CheckSshOptionIsSetToInteger(loginGraceTime, NULL, &actualValue, reason, log)))
{
OsConfigResetReason(reason);
if (actualValue <= targetValue)
{
OsConfigCaptureSuccessReason(reason, "%s reports that '%s' is set to '%d' (that is %d or less)", g_sshServerService, loginGraceTime, targetValue, actualValue);
}
else
{
OsConfigLogError(log, "CheckSshLoginGraceTime: 'logingracetime' is not set to %d or less in SSH Server response (but to %d)", targetValue, actualValue);
OsConfigCaptureReason(reason, "'logingracetime' is not set to a value of %d or less in SSH Server response (but to %d)", targetValue, actualValue);
status = ENOENT;
}
}
}
FREE_MEMORY(loginGraceTime);
OsConfigLogInfo(log, "CheckSshLoginGraceTime: %s (%d)", PLAIN_STATUS_FROM_ERRNO(status), status);
return status;
}
static int CheckSshWarningBanner(const char* bannerFile, const char* bannerText, unsigned int desiredAccess, char** reason, void* log)
{
char* banner = DuplicateStringToLowercase(g_sshBanner);
char* actualValue = NULL;
char* contents = NULL;
int status = 0;
if (0 == IsSshServerActive(log))
{
if ((NULL == bannerFile) || (NULL == bannerText))
{
OsConfigLogError(log, "CheckSshWarningBanner: invalid arguments");
status = EINVAL;
}
else if (0 == (status = CheckSshOptionIsSet(banner, bannerFile, &actualValue, reason, log)))
{
OsConfigResetReason(reason);
if (NULL == (contents = LoadStringFromFile(bannerFile, false, log)))
{
OsConfigLogError(log, "CheckSshWarningBanner: cannot read from '%s'", bannerFile);
OsConfigCaptureReason(reason, "'%s' is set to '%s' but the file cannot be read", banner, actualValue);
status = ENOENT;
}
else if (0 != strcmp(contents, bannerText))
{
OsConfigLogError(log, "CheckSshWarningBanner: banner text is:\n%s instead of:\n%s", contents, bannerText);
OsConfigCaptureReason(reason, "Banner text from file '%s' is different from the expected text", bannerFile);
status = ENOENT;
}
else if (0 == (status = CheckFileAccess(bannerFile, 0, 0, desiredAccess, reason, log)))
{
OsConfigCaptureSuccessReason(reason, "%s reports that '%s' is set to '%s', this file has access '%u' and contains the expected banner text",
g_sshServerService, banner, actualValue, desiredAccess);
}
}
FREE_MEMORY(contents);
FREE_MEMORY(actualValue);
}
FREE_MEMORY(banner);
OsConfigLogInfo(log, "CheckSshWarningBanner: %s (%d)", PLAIN_STATUS_FROM_ERRNO(status), status);
return status;
}
static char* FormatInclusionForRemediation(void* log)
{
const char* inclusionTemplate = "%s\nInclude %s\n";
char* inclusion = NULL;
size_t inclusionSize = 0;
inclusionSize = strlen(inclusionTemplate) + strlen(g_sshdConfigRemediationHeader) + strlen(g_osconfigRemediationConf) + 1;
if (NULL != (inclusion = malloc(inclusionSize)))
{
memset(inclusion, 0, inclusionSize);
snprintf(inclusion, inclusionSize, inclusionTemplate, g_sshdConfigRemediationHeader, g_osconfigRemediationConf);
}
else
{
OsConfigLogError(log, "FormatInclusionForRemediation: out of memory");
}
return inclusion;
}
int CheckSshProtocol(char** reason, void* log)
{
const char* protocolTemplate = "%s %s";
char* protocol = NULL;
char* inclusion = NULL;
int status = 0;
if (0 != IsSshServerActive(log))
{
return status;
}
if (NULL == (protocol = FormatAllocateString(protocolTemplate, g_sshProtocol, g_desiredSshBestPracticeProtocol ? g_desiredSshBestPracticeProtocol : g_sshDefaultSshProtocol)))
{
OsConfigLogError(log, "CheckSshProtocol: FormatAllocateString failed");
status = ENOMEM;
}
else if (false == FileExists(g_sshServerConfiguration))
{
OsConfigLogError(log, "CheckSshProtocol: the SSH Server configuration file '%s' is not present on this device", g_sshServerConfiguration);
OsConfigCaptureReason(reason, "'%s' is not present on this device", g_sshServerConfiguration);
status = EEXIST;
}
if (0 == (status = CheckLineFoundNotCommentedOut(g_sshServerConfiguration, '#', protocol, reason, log)))
{
OsConfigLogInfo(log, "CheckSshProtocol: '%s' is found uncommented in %s", protocol, g_sshServerConfiguration);
status = 0;
}
else
{
OsConfigLogError(log, "CheckSshProtocol: '%s' is not found uncommented with '#' in %s", protocol, g_sshServerConfiguration);
status = ENOENT;
if (0 == IsSshConfigIncludeSupported(log))
{
if (false == FileExists(g_osconfigRemediationConf))
{
OsConfigLogError(log, "CheckSshProtocol: the OSConfig remediation file '%s' is not present on this device", g_osconfigRemediationConf);
OsConfigCaptureReason(reason, "The OSConfig remediation file '%s' is not present on this device", g_osconfigRemediationConf);
status = EEXIST;
}
else if (NULL == (inclusion = FormatInclusionForRemediation(log)))
{
OsConfigLogError(log, "CheckSshProtocol: FormatInclusionForRemediation failed");
status = ENOMEM;
}
else if (0 != FindTextInFile(g_sshServerConfiguration, inclusion, log))
{
OsConfigLogError(log, "CheckSshProtocol: '%s' is not found included in '%s'", g_osconfigRemediationConf, g_sshServerConfiguration);
OsConfigCaptureReason(reason, "'%s' is not found included in %s", g_osconfigRemediationConf, g_sshServerConfiguration);
status = ENOENT;
}
else if (0 == (status = CheckLineFoundNotCommentedOut(g_osconfigRemediationConf, '#', protocol, reason, log)))
{
OsConfigLogInfo(log, "CheckSshProtocol: '%s' is found uncommented in %s", protocol, g_osconfigRemediationConf);
status = 0;
}
else
{
OsConfigLogError(log, "CheckSshProtocol: '%s' is not found uncommented with '#' in %s", protocol, g_osconfigRemediationConf);
status = ENOENT;
}
FREE_MEMORY(inclusion);
}
}
FREE_MEMORY(protocol);
OsConfigLogInfo(log, "CheckSshProtocol: %s (%d)", PLAIN_STATUS_FROM_ERRNO(status), status);
return status;
}
static int CheckAllowDenyUsersGroups(const char* lowercase, const char* expectedValue, char** reason, void* log)
{
const char* commandTemplate = "%s -T | grep \"%s %s\"";
char* command = NULL;
char* textResult = NULL;
size_t commandLength = 0;
size_t valueLength = 0;
size_t i = 0;
char* value = NULL;
int status = 0;
if ((NULL == lowercase) || (NULL == expectedValue))
{
OsConfigLogError(log, "CheckAllowDenyUsersGroups: invalid arguments");
return EINVAL;
}
else if (0 != IsSshServerActive(log))
{
return status;
}
else if (NULL == strchr(expectedValue, ' '))
{
// If the expected value is not a list of users or groups separated by space, but a single user or group, then:
return CheckSshOptionIsSet(lowercase, expectedValue, NULL, reason, log);
}
valueLength = strlen(expectedValue);
for (i = 0; i < valueLength; i++)
{
if (NULL == (value = DuplicateString(&(expectedValue[i]))))
{
OsConfigLogError(log, "CheckAllowDenyUsersGroups: failed to duplicate string");
status = ENOMEM;
break;
}
else
{
TruncateAtFirst(value, ' ');
commandLength = strlen(commandTemplate) + strlen(g_sshServerService) + strlen(lowercase) + strlen(value) + 1;
if (NULL != (command = malloc(commandLength)))
{
memset(command, 0, commandLength);
snprintf(command, commandLength, commandTemplate, g_sshServerService, lowercase, value);
status = ExecuteCommand(NULL, command, true, false, 0, 0, &textResult, NULL, NULL);
FREE_MEMORY(textResult);
FREE_MEMORY(command);
}
else
{
OsConfigLogError(log, "CheckAllowDenyUsersGroups: failed to allocate memory");
status = ENOMEM;
FREE_MEMORY(value);
break;
}
i += strlen(value);
FREE_MEMORY(value);
}
}
if (0 == status)
{
OsConfigCaptureSuccessReason(reason, "%s reports that '%s' is set to '%s'", g_sshServerService, lowercase, expectedValue);
}
else
{
OsConfigCaptureReason(reason, "'%s' is not set to '%s' in SSH Server response", lowercase, expectedValue);
}
OsConfigLogInfo(log, "CheckAllowDenyUsersGroups: %s (%d)", PLAIN_STATUS_FROM_ERRNO(status), status);
return status;
}
static int SetSshWarningBanner(unsigned int desiredBannerFileAccess, const char* bannerText, void* log)
{
const char* etcAzSec = "/etc/azsec/";
int status = 0;
if (NULL == bannerText)
{
OsConfigLogError(log, "SetSshWarningBanner: invalid argument");
return EINVAL;
}
if (false == DirectoryExists(etcAzSec))
{
if (0 != mkdir(etcAzSec, desiredBannerFileAccess))
{
status = errno ? errno : ENOENT;
OsConfigLogError(log, "SetSshWarningBanner: mkdir(%s, %u) failed with %d", etcAzSec, desiredBannerFileAccess, status);
}
}
if (true == DirectoryExists(etcAzSec))
{
if (SavePayloadToFile(g_sshBannerFile, bannerText, strlen(bannerText), log))
{
if (0 != (status = SetFileAccess(g_sshBannerFile, 0, 0, desiredBannerFileAccess, log)))
{
OsConfigLogError(log, "SetSshWarningBanner: failed to set desired access %u on banner file %s (%d)", desiredBannerFileAccess, g_sshBannerFile, status);
}
}
else
{
status = errno ? errno : ENOENT;
OsConfigLogError(log, "SetSshWarningBanner: failed to save banner text '%s' to file '%s' with %d", bannerText, etcAzSec, status);
}
}
return status;
}
static char* FormatRemediationValues(void* log)
{
const char* remediationTemplate = "%s\n%s %s\n%s %s\n%s %s\n%s %s\n%s %s\n%s %s\n%s %s\n%s %s\n%s %s\n%s %s\n%s %s\n%s %s\n%s %s\n%s %s\n%s %s\n%s %s\n%s %s\n%s %s\n%s %s\n";
char* remediation = NULL;
size_t remediationSize = 0;
remediationSize = strlen(remediationTemplate) + strlen(g_sshdConfigRemediationHeader) +
strlen(g_sshPort) + strlen(g_desiredSshPort ? g_desiredSshPort : g_sshDefaultSshPort) +
strlen(g_sshProtocol) + strlen(g_desiredSshBestPracticeProtocol ? g_desiredSshBestPracticeProtocol : g_sshDefaultSshProtocol) +
strlen(g_sshIgnoreHosts) + strlen(g_desiredSshBestPracticeIgnoreRhosts ? g_desiredSshBestPracticeIgnoreRhosts : g_sshDefaultSshYes) +
strlen(g_sshLogLevel) + strlen(g_desiredSshLogLevelIsSet ? g_desiredSshLogLevelIsSet : g_sshDefaultSshLogLevel) +
strlen(g_sshMaxAuthTries) + strlen(g_desiredSshMaxAuthTriesIsSet ? g_desiredSshMaxAuthTriesIsSet : g_sshDefaultSshMaxAuthTries) +
strlen(g_sshAllowUsers) + strlen(g_desiredAllowUsersIsConfigured ? g_desiredAllowUsersIsConfigured : g_sshDefaultSshAllowUsers) +
strlen(g_sshDenyUsers) + strlen(g_desiredDenyUsersIsConfigured ? g_desiredDenyUsersIsConfigured : g_sshDefaultSshDenyUsers) +
strlen(g_sshAllowGroups) + strlen(g_desiredAllowGroupsIsConfigured ? g_desiredAllowGroupsIsConfigured : g_sshDefaultSshAllowGroups) +
strlen(g_sshDenyGroups) + strlen(g_desiredDenyGroupsConfigured ? g_desiredDenyGroupsConfigured : g_sshDefaultSshDenyGroups) +
strlen(g_sshHostBasedAuthentication) + strlen(g_desiredSshHostbasedAuthenticationIsDisabled ? g_desiredSshHostbasedAuthenticationIsDisabled : g_sshDefaultSshNo) +
strlen(g_sshPermitRootLogin) + strlen(g_desiredSshPermitRootLoginIsDisabled ? g_desiredSshPermitRootLoginIsDisabled : g_sshDefaultSshNo) +
strlen(g_sshPermitEmptyPasswords) + strlen(g_desiredSshPermitEmptyPasswordsIsDisabled ? g_desiredSshPermitEmptyPasswordsIsDisabled : g_sshDefaultSshNo) +
strlen(g_sshClientAliveCountMax) + strlen(g_desiredSshClientIntervalCountMaxIsConfigured ? g_desiredSshClientIntervalCountMaxIsConfigured : g_sshDefaultSshClientIntervalCountMax) +
strlen(g_sshClientAliveInterval) + strlen(g_desiredSshClientAliveIntervalIsConfigured ? g_desiredSshClientAliveIntervalIsConfigured : g_sshDefaultSshClientAliveInterval) +
strlen(g_sshLoginGraceTime) + strlen(g_desiredSshLoginGraceTimeIsSet ? g_desiredSshLoginGraceTimeIsSet : g_sshDefaultSshLoginGraceTime) +
strlen(g_sshPermitUserEnvironment) + strlen(g_desiredUsersCannotSetSshEnvironmentOptions ? g_desiredUsersCannotSetSshEnvironmentOptions : g_sshDefaultSshNo) +
strlen(g_sshBanner) + strlen(g_sshBannerFile) +
strlen(g_sshMacs) + strlen(g_desiredOnlyApprovedMacAlgorithmsAreUsed ? g_desiredOnlyApprovedMacAlgorithmsAreUsed : g_sshDefaultSshMacs) +
strlen(g_sshCiphers) + strlen(g_desiredAppropriateCiphersForSsh ? g_desiredAppropriateCiphersForSsh : g_sshDefaultSshCiphers) + 1;
if (NULL != (remediation = malloc(remediationSize)))
{
memset(remediation, 0, remediationSize);
snprintf(remediation, remediationSize, remediationTemplate, g_sshdConfigRemediationHeader,
g_sshPort, g_desiredSshPort ? g_desiredSshPort : g_sshDefaultSshPort,
g_sshProtocol, g_desiredSshBestPracticeProtocol ? g_desiredSshBestPracticeProtocol : g_sshDefaultSshProtocol,
g_sshIgnoreHosts, g_desiredSshBestPracticeIgnoreRhosts ? g_desiredSshBestPracticeIgnoreRhosts : g_sshDefaultSshYes,
g_sshLogLevel, g_desiredSshLogLevelIsSet ? g_desiredSshLogLevelIsSet : g_sshDefaultSshLogLevel,
g_sshMaxAuthTries, g_desiredSshMaxAuthTriesIsSet ? g_desiredSshMaxAuthTriesIsSet : g_sshDefaultSshMaxAuthTries,
g_sshAllowUsers, g_desiredAllowUsersIsConfigured ? g_desiredAllowUsersIsConfigured : g_sshDefaultSshAllowUsers,
g_sshDenyUsers, g_desiredDenyUsersIsConfigured ? g_desiredDenyUsersIsConfigured : g_sshDefaultSshDenyUsers,
g_sshAllowGroups, g_desiredAllowGroupsIsConfigured ? g_desiredAllowGroupsIsConfigured : g_sshDefaultSshAllowGroups,
g_sshDenyGroups, g_desiredDenyGroupsConfigured ? g_desiredDenyGroupsConfigured : g_sshDefaultSshDenyGroups,
g_sshHostBasedAuthentication, g_desiredSshHostbasedAuthenticationIsDisabled ? g_desiredSshHostbasedAuthenticationIsDisabled : g_sshDefaultSshNo,
g_sshPermitRootLogin, g_desiredSshPermitRootLoginIsDisabled ? g_desiredSshPermitRootLoginIsDisabled : g_sshDefaultSshNo,
g_sshPermitEmptyPasswords, g_desiredSshPermitEmptyPasswordsIsDisabled ? g_desiredSshPermitEmptyPasswordsIsDisabled : g_sshDefaultSshNo,
g_sshClientAliveCountMax, g_desiredSshClientIntervalCountMaxIsConfigured ? g_desiredSshClientIntervalCountMaxIsConfigured : g_sshDefaultSshClientIntervalCountMax,
g_sshClientAliveInterval, g_desiredSshClientAliveIntervalIsConfigured ? g_desiredSshClientAliveIntervalIsConfigured : g_sshDefaultSshClientAliveInterval,
g_sshLoginGraceTime, g_desiredSshLoginGraceTimeIsSet ? g_desiredSshLoginGraceTimeIsSet : g_sshDefaultSshLoginGraceTime,
g_sshPermitUserEnvironment, g_desiredUsersCannotSetSshEnvironmentOptions ? g_desiredUsersCannotSetSshEnvironmentOptions : g_sshDefaultSshNo,
g_sshBanner, g_sshBannerFile,
g_sshMacs, g_desiredOnlyApprovedMacAlgorithmsAreUsed ? g_desiredOnlyApprovedMacAlgorithmsAreUsed : g_sshDefaultSshMacs,
g_sshCiphers, g_desiredAppropriateCiphersForSsh ? g_desiredAppropriateCiphersForSsh : g_sshDefaultSshCiphers);
}
else
{
OsConfigLogError(log, "GetRemediationToSaveToFile: out of memory");
}
return remediation;
}
static int IncludeRemediationSshConfFile(void* log)
{
const char* etcSshSshdConfigD = "/etc/ssh/sshd_config.d";
const char* configurationTemplate = "%s%s";
char* originalConfiguration = NULL;
char* newConfiguration = NULL;
char* inclusion = NULL;
size_t newConfigurationSize = 0;
size_t inclusionSize = 0;
int desiredAccess = atoi(g_desiredPermissionsOnEtcSshSshdConfig ? g_desiredPermissionsOnEtcSshSshdConfig : g_sshDefaultSshSshdConfigAccess);
int status = 0;
if (false == FileExists(g_sshServerConfiguration))
{
OsConfigLogInfo(log, "IncludeRemediationSshConfFile: '%s' is not present on this device", g_sshServerConfiguration);
return EEXIST;
}
else if ((NULL == (inclusion = FormatInclusionForRemediation(log))) || (0 == (inclusionSize = strlen(inclusion))))
{
OsConfigLogInfo(log, "IncludeRemediationSshConfFile: failed preparing the inclusion statement, cannot include '%s' into '%s'", g_osconfigRemediationConf, g_sshServerConfiguration);
return ENOMEM;
}
if (false == DirectoryExists(etcSshSshdConfigD))
{
if (0 != mkdir(etcSshSshdConfigD, desiredAccess))
{
status = errno ? errno : ENOENT;
OsConfigLogError(log, "IncludeRemediationSshConfFile: mkdir(%s, %u) failed with %d", etcSshSshdConfigD, desiredAccess, status);
}
}
if (true == DirectoryExists(etcSshSshdConfigD))
{
if (NULL != (originalConfiguration = LoadStringFromFile(g_sshServerConfiguration, false, log)))
{
if (0 != strncmp(originalConfiguration, inclusion, inclusionSize))
{
newConfigurationSize = strlen(configurationTemplate) + inclusionSize + strlen(originalConfiguration) + 1;
if (NULL != (newConfiguration = malloc(newConfigurationSize)))
{
memset(newConfiguration, 0, newConfigurationSize);
snprintf(newConfiguration, newConfigurationSize, configurationTemplate, inclusion, originalConfiguration);
if (true == SecureSaveToFile(g_sshServerConfiguration, newConfiguration, newConfigurationSize, log))
{
OsConfigLogInfo(log, "IncludeRemediationSshConfFile: '%s' is now included into '%s'", g_osconfigRemediationConf, g_sshServerConfiguration);
status = 0;
}
else
{
OsConfigLogError(log, "IncludeRemediationSshConfFile: failed to include '%s' into '%s'", g_osconfigRemediationConf, g_sshServerConfiguration);
status = ENOENT;
}
FREE_MEMORY(newConfiguration);
}
else
{
OsConfigLogError(log, "IncludeRemediationSshConfFile: out of memory, cannot include '%s' into '%s'", g_osconfigRemediationConf, g_sshServerConfiguration);
status = ENOMEM;
}
}
else
{
OsConfigLogInfo(log, "IncludeRemediationSshConfFile: '%s' is already included by '%s'", g_osconfigRemediationConf, g_sshServerConfiguration);
status = 0;
}
FREE_MEMORY(originalConfiguration);
}
else
{
OsConfigLogError(log, "IncludeRemediationSshConfFile: failed to read from '%s'", g_sshServerConfiguration);
status = EEXIST;
}
}
SetFileAccess(g_sshServerConfiguration, 0, 0, desiredAccess, log);
FREE_MEMORY(inclusion);
return status;
}
static int SaveRemediationToConfFile(void* log)
{
char* newRemediation = NULL;
char* currentRemediation = NULL;
size_t newRemediationSize = 0;
int status = 0;
if ((NULL == (newRemediation = FormatRemediationValues(log))) || (0 == (newRemediationSize = strlen(newRemediation))))
{
OsConfigLogInfo(log, "SaveRemediationToConfFile: failed formatting, cannot save remediation to '%s'", g_osconfigRemediationConf);
return ENOMEM;
}
if ((NULL != (currentRemediation = LoadStringFromFile(g_osconfigRemediationConf, false, log))) && (0 == strncmp(currentRemediation, newRemediation, newRemediationSize)))